Direct production of ethanol with high yield from glycerol via synergistic catalysis by Pd/CoOx and Cu/SBA-15

In situ morphology transformation and oxygen vacancy-engineering to upgrade Pd-catalyzed hydrogen production with unprecedented activity and durability

“…3c), indicating that Pd 2+ was successfully reduced. 51,52 The existence of Pd n+ at 336.6 eV might have originated from the surface oxidation of metallic Pd during the sample preparation. The high-resolution spectrum of Co 2p is shown in Fig.…”

Biochemical production of short-chain alcohols from glycerol: process simulation and economic evaluation

“…Moreover, catalytic routes to convert glycerol to ethanol and propanol demonstrate poor selectivity and require high temperature and pressure, which are adverse conditions for industrial application, as they elevate investment and production costs. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Thus, biochemical routes were also chosen over catalytic routes by virtue of better selectivity and milder conditions.…”

“…59 The liquid stream (8) goes to the distillation stage. In this work, differently from that by Posada and Cardona, 32 only one distillation column (C-1) was used, as it was sufficient to reach a distillate (10) with a composition close to that of the waterethanol azeotrope. This equipment's function is not only to reach this composition but also to remove formic acid in the bottom stream (9), which is a process by-product.…”

Production of Methane by Catalytic Decarboxylation of Methyl Formate as a Liquid Surrogate

“…It can be produced from CO 2 hydrogenation, − a process implemented in Iceland with the “George Olah CO 2 to renewable methanol plant” which demonstrates the maturity of the process . Nevertheless, the reduction of the C–O bond of methanol is challenging and requires most of the time heterogeneous metal catalysts working under harsh conditions (typical conditions use 300–400 °C, under 0.5–40 bar of H 2 ). − In the homogeneous phase, Sato imagined in 1987 a reaction to form methane from methanol in the presence of 2 equiv of a strong acid (HI) and a platinum catalyst (Scheme , top) . A low amount of methane was also observed by Foster when using an iridium catalyst and an iodide promotor in the carbonylation of methanol .…”