“…The preculture contained (g/L): Glucose, 50; peptone, 3; yeast extract, 1; and cysteine hydrochloride, 0.15 together with 1% (vol/vol) of P2 solution. P2‐stock solution (vitamins, minerals, and buffers) had the following composition (g/L): KH 2 PO 4 , 50; K 2 HPO 4 , 50; ammonium acetate, 220; para‐aminobenzoic acid, 0.1; thiamin, 0.1; biotin, 0.001; MgSO 4 ‐7H 2 O, 20; MnSO 4 ‐H 2 O, 1; FeSO 4 ‐7H 2 O, 1; NaCl, 1 (Kheyrandish et al, ; Lee et al, ; Salimi, ; Xue et al, ). After sterilization using an autoclave (at 111°C for 10 min), P2‐stock solution was added, and the pH was adjusted to 6.8 using 1 M NaOH.…”