Direct observations on the transformation of the mesenchyme in the thigh of the pig embryo (Sus scrofa), with especial reference to the genesis of the thigh muscles, of the knee‐ and hip‐joints, and of the primary bone of the femur

Carey, Eben J.

doi:10.1002/jmor.1050370102

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It has been proposed that adjacent skeletal elements are necessary for joint formation. Thus, the growth of the adjacent skeletal elements, due to proliferation and increased matrix secretion, would result in flattening of the joint interzone cells (Carey 1922;Fell and Canti 1934). However, other studies have suggested that neighbouring skeletal elements are not needed and that the joint forms from a population of prespecified cells (Holder 1977).…”

Section: Formation Of the Interzonementioning

confidence: 99%

BMP/GDF-signalling interactions during synovial joint development

Francis-West¹,

Parish²,

Lee

et al. 1999

Cell and Tissue Research

166

121

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The synovial joint arises from an initial condensation of cells that subsequently develops into distinct skeletal structures, separated by the joint. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) have a fundamental role during skeletogenesis, including joint formation. Development of the joint appears to be dependent on the differential expression/activity of the related BMP and GDF subfamilies. Gdf-5 is expressed in the developing joints and is necessary for the formation of some joints. In contrast, recent data has shown that antagonism of the BMP family is crucial for joint formation. Here, we review mechanisms of how BMP signalling may be antagonised/modified. We also describe the expression of Bmp-2 and Bmp-4 together with two BMP antagonists, chordin and noggin, during chick joint development. Finally, we discuss possible mechanisms of how a joint forms and the evidence that the joint is a 'signalling centre' that may coordinate the development of adjacent skeletal structures.

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Section: Formation Of the Interzonementioning

confidence: 99%

BMP/GDF-signalling interactions during synovial joint development

Francis-West¹,

Parish²,

Lee

et al. 1999

Cell and Tissue Research

166

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Offprint requests: F Bonnel,8, avenue du Professeur Grasset, F-34000 Montpellier, France la croissance sont real connus et m6riteraient un effort de recherche conjugu6 pour mieux comprendre la port~e des gestes chirurgicaux en orthop6die infantile.…”

Section: Comportement Biom6canique Du Cartilage De Croissance Incideunclassified

“…According to some authors [2,4,8,29,25], the growth in diameter is carried out by "interstitial" multiplication of cartilaginous cells. According to others, this growth comes from the apposition of newly formed cartilaginous cells coming from the "perichondral ring" [31, 33,39,49].…”

Section: Transverse Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical activity of the growth plate

et al. 1984

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The authors analyze at several levels the biomechanical activity of the epiphyseal plate. From a histologic point of view, they show the role played by the different cell layers in growth. The rapid growth of long bones is well known in animals, not entirely in human beings. The factors involved in mechanical regulation of the epiphyseal plate are analyzed according to distraction and compression stresses. Other factors have also been reported (periosteum and muscle). Analysis of the literature reveals that biomechanical activity and the factors managing growth are not well known yet. A combined effort should be made to obtain better understanding of the surgical procedures carried out in pediatric orthopedics.

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“…This non-chondrogenic region is called the interzone. The interzone may form due to the action of nearby skeletal elements where the growth of these elements would result in the flattening of interzone cells (Carey, 1922) or there may be a population of prespecified cells that form this joint region (Holder, 1977). Cavities form within the interzone and this separates the skeletal elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint formation in the middle ear: Lessons from the mouse and guinea pig

Amin

Tucker

2006

Developmental Dynamics

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The malleus, incus and stapes form an ossicle chain in the mammalian middle ear. These ossicles are articulated by joints that link the chain together. In humans and mice, fusion of the ossicles leads to hearing loss. However, in the adult guinea pig the malleus and incus are normally found as a single complex. In this report, we investigate how the malleus and incus form during mouse and guinea pig development. The murine malleus and incus develop from a single condensation that splits to form the two ossicles. Even before a morphological split, we show that the ossicles have distinct genetic identities and joint markers are expressed. In the guinea pig embryo, joint formation is initiated but no cavitation is observed, resulting in a single complex divided by a thin suture. The malleal-incudo complex in the guinea pig is, therefore, not caused by a defect in joint initiation. Developmental Dynamics 235:1326 -1333, 2006.

show abstract

Direct observations on the transformation of the mesenchyme in the thigh of the pig embryo (Sus scrofa), with especial reference to the genesis of the thigh muscles, of the knee‐ and hip‐joints, and of the primary bone of the femur

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

BMP/GDF-signalling interactions during synovial joint development

BMP/GDF-signalling interactions during synovial joint development

Biomechanical activity of the growth plate

Joint formation in the middle ear: Lessons from the mouse and guinea pig

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