Direct Observation of the Microstructure Changes of Vanadium Steels During Tempering

Nishida, Tokuhiko; Tanino, Mitsuru

doi:10.2320/jinstmet1952.29.7_728

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, it is widely known that the addition of substitutional alloying elements retards recovery and recrystallization, 16) while the associated strain aging was also systematically studied in ferritic steels. 17) These results suggest the occurrence of solute clustering and segregation in the vicinity of dislocation during tempering of martensite, 13) which was recently confirmed by experiments. 18) Namely, the addition of strong carbide-forming elements contributes to resistance to temper softening, possibly through the alloying effects on recovery of dislocation as well.…”

Section: Resistance To Temper Softening Of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels By Microalloying Of V Nb and Tisupporting

confidence: 52%

“…12) By using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the precipitation behaviors in tempering of steels containing strong carbide-forming element (M; M = V, Nb, Ti) were widely investigated in the past. Nishida and Tanino 13) studied the V-added steels and reported the nano-precipitation of B1-structured MC-type alloy carbide holding Baker-Nutting orientation relationship ((001)α//(001) MC , [100]α//[110] MC ) with martensitic matrix. The same phenomenon was also observed in Nb-added 14) and Ti-added 15) steels, respectively.…”

Section: Resistance To Temper Softening Of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels By Microalloying Of V Nb and Timentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance to Temper Softening of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels by Microalloying of V, Nb and Ti

et al. 2021

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The resistance to temper softening in low carbon martensite with its underlying origin, by microalloying of strong carbide-forming alloying elements (V, Nb and Ti) to an Fe-0.1C-1.5Mn-0.05Si (mass%) alloy, was investigated in this study. With similar hardness in as-quenched condition in all the alloys used, the hardness of tempered martensite is increased by V, Nb and Ti additions, particularly after treatment at higher temperature with longer time. The increment in hardness becomes larger by more amount of V addition, while with almost the same amount of microalloying additions, Nb and Ti provide larger strengthening than that of V. Atom probe measurements have revealed that a high density of nano-sized alloy carbides are formed in those alloys with V, Nb and Ti additions at 923 K, where large secondary hardening was observed. At 723 K, where there is some resistance to temper softening, however, almost no precipitation of V, Nb and Ti can be detected. The X-ray line profile analysis of the tempered alloys implies that the reduction in dislocation density during tempering is strongly retarded by V, Nb and Ti additions. This should be the major reason for their resistance to temper softening at relatively lower temperature, even without nano-precipitation of alloy carbides.

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Section: Resistance To Temper Softening Of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels By Microalloying Of V Nb and Tisupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Resistance To Temper Softening Of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels By Microalloying Of V Nb and Timentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Temper Softening of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels by Microalloying of V, Nb and Ti

et al. 2021

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“…[49][50][51] Similar modes of precipitation were also found in vanadium containing 52) and plain carbon steels, 16,53) and the concept of interphase precipitation has been developed. 52) …”

Section: Interphase Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…[49][50][51][52]17,[57][58][59][60][61] Originally, Morrison 49) observed parallel rows of niobium carbide particles within a ferrite grain in as-rolled Nb-bearing steels. Similar mode of V 4 C 3 precipitation was also recognised by Nishida and Tanino 50) and the orientation relationship between V 4 C 3 and ferrite was determined as:…”

Section: Interphase Precipitation Of Alloy Carbidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Physical Metallurgy and Processing of Steels. Microstructural Evolutions with Precipitation of Carbides in Steels.

Ohmori

2001

ISIJ International

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The studies on the crystallographic features of diffusional transformation of austenite in various steels have been reviewed. A primary ferrite forming at an austenite grain boundary is related to at least one of the austenite grains separated by the boundary with the Bain correspondence. In the case of the microstructures containing both ferrite and carbides such as pearlite, degenerate pearlite, interphase precipitation of alloy carbides, and upper and lower bainites, the crystallographic relationships between ferrite and carbides provide further information to elucidate the transformation mechanisms. In the present report, therefore, the orientation relationships between ferrite, carbide and austenite as well as the habit planes of platelike transformation products and the mechanisms of transformations are discussed.

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“…(4) The analysis of the diffraction pattern indicates that the niobium carbide particles formed in contact with the ferrite during the interphase precipitation. (5) In tempered martensite, the niobium carbide particles formed preferentially at the martensite lath boundaries and on the dislocation lines. (6) The strength ening in the iso thermally transformed specimens is thought to arise mainly from the friction stress for the dislocation to c ut the precipitates, a lthough there exists some evidences for the Orowan mechanism as well being operative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation of Fine Niobium Carbide Particles in Low Carbon Steels

Ohmori

1975

ISIJ Int.

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The preci/Jitation oj fin e carbide particles in the low carbon steels containing small amount oj niobium has been investigated mainly by means oj transmission electron microscopy. It was confirmed that the fine particles responsible Jar the hardening were NbC with Jace-centered cubic structure and were related to theJerrite in the way similar to the V,C 3 lJerrite orientation relationship obtained by Baker. In the specimens transformed ill the range 800° to 650°C, the Iliobium carbide particles Jormed initially at the allstmite graill boundaries and on the dislocations in austenite, and then the Jerrite nucleated at the austenite grain boundaries where the carbon atoms were delJleted by the NbC precipitation. The interphase preci/Jitation started at the tip oj these growing Jerrite grains. The strengthening is thought to be due to the friction stress Jar the dislocation to cut the particles though there exist some evidences that the Orowan mechanism was as well operative. III the tempered martensite, the NbC particles Jormed priferentially at the lath boundaries and on the dislocations. These particles contribute to the strengthening by both the precipitation hardming and the retardation oj the .ferrite recrystallization.

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Direct Observation of the Microstructure Changes of Vanadium Steels During Tempering

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Resistance to Temper Softening of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels by Microalloying of V, Nb and Ti

Resistance to Temper Softening of Low Carbon Martensitic Steels by Microalloying of V, Nb and Ti

Advances in Physical Metallurgy and Processing of Steels. Microstructural Evolutions with Precipitation of Carbides in Steels.

Precipitation of Fine Niobium Carbide Particles in Low Carbon Steels

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