Direct observation of electric double layers at solution surfaces by means of electron spectroscopy

Abstract

Solutions of fatty acid potassium salts in formamide have been investigated using electron spectroscopy in the angular resolved mode. The variable surface sensitivity thus achieved allows details of the electric double layers formed at the solution surfaces to be investigated. The cation distribution is found to vary as a function of solution concentration. The simple diffuse layer theory based on the Poisson–Boltzmann equations is found inadequate in describing the observed features. The data suggest that structural changes occur at the higher concentrations forming closer bound cation states at the surface. These findings qualitatively confirm recent theoretical model predictions by other workers.

Ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy: A new tool for surface science and nanotechnology

“…Designs [10] with magnetic and electrostatic energy analyzers and a versatile sample environment for gaseous and liquid samples were realized. A particularly useful design [11] allowing for angular-resolved studies of solutions was used to derive fundamental aspects of electric double layers in solutions. The first application of high pressure photoemission in gassolid reactivity [12] was made in the United Kingdom in a study of the interaction of oxygen [13] with coin metals.…”

In Situ Analytical Techniques for the Investigation of Material Stability and Interface Dynamics in Electrocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Applications

“…By applying this principle, researchers have strived to develop APXPS systems to study liquid-vapor [49][50][51][52] and solid-vapor [53][54][55][56][57][58][59] interfaces. This led to the development of a new generation Reproduced with permission.…”

X-ray absorption spectrum for guanosine--monophosphate in water solution in the vicinity of the nitrogen K-edge observed in free liquid jet in vacuum

“…The technique of liquid beam in vacuum (Fuchs and Legge, 1979;Faubel et al, 1988;Faubel and Steiner, 1992;Faubel and Kisters, 1989) has been employed in several experiment of physico-chemical spectroscopy (Faubel et al, 1997(Faubel et al, , 1999Moberg et al, 1991;Morgner, 1998;Sobott et al, 1999;Horimoto et al, 2000). However, biological application is few.…”