Direct N2H4/H2O2 Fuel Cells Powered by Nanoporous Gold Leaves

Abstract

Dealloyed nanoporous gold leaves (NPGLs) are found to exhibit high electrocatalytic properties toward both hydrazine (N2H4) oxidation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reduction. This observation allows the implementation of a direct hydrazine-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DHHPFC) based on these novel porous membrane catalysts. The effects of fuel and oxidizer flow rate, concentration and cell temperature on the performance of DHHPFC are systematically investigated. With a loading of ~0.1 mg cm−2 Au on each side, an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.2 V is obtained at 80°C with a maximum power density 195 mW cm−2, which is 22 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst at the same noble metal loading. NPGLs thus hold great potential as effective and stable electrocatalysts for DHHPFCs.

Single Crystalline Ultrathin Nickel–Cobalt Alloy Nanosheets Array for Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cells

“…Compared to N 2 H 4 /O 2 fuel cell, the DHHPFC has much higher theoretical open circuit voltage and power density due to the H 2 O 2 dramatically improving reaction kinetics 24, 25. The schematic diagram (Figure 4A) showed the electrode reactions and working mechanism of the DHHPFC.…”

“…When N 2 H 4 was oxidated to N 2 , H 2 O 2 was reduced to H 2 O. As the electrons transferring from anode to cathode, K + , as the main charge carrier, moved in an opposite direction through a Nafion membrane 25. The overall reaction could be written as follows ${\mathrm{normalN}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}{\mathrm{normalH}}_{\mathrm{normal4}}+\mathrm{2KOH}+{\mathrm{2H}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}{\mathrm{normalO}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}+{\mathrm{normalH}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}{\mathrm{SO}}_{\mathrm{normal4}}\to {\mathrm{normalN}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}\uparrow +\mathrm{ }\mathrm{ }\mathrm{ }{\mathrm{6H}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}\mathrm{O}+{\mathrm{normalK}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}{\mathrm{SO}}_{\mathrm{normal4}}$ …”

Biosensor based on glucose oxidase-nanoporous gold co-catalysis for glucose detection

“…High biosensor performance, intimate enzyme attachment, and effective electron transfer are achievable because of the high surface area, and the unique physical, electronic, and chemical properties of nanomaterials (Vijayalakshmi et al, 2008;Solanki et al, 2009). Among the various nanomaterials, nanoporous gold (NPG) has attracted much attention in the fabrication of nonenzymatic and enzyme-based electrochemical sensors because of its excellent structural continuity, higher conductivity, and general biocompatibility (Ding et al, 2004; Chen, 2009;Scanlon et al, 2012;Yan et al, 2012;Zhang and Ding, 2013). The active surface and catalytic activity of NPG also provides us with the possibility of substrate recognition even in the absence of the enzyme.…”

Pt-Bi decorated nanoporous gold for high performance direct glucose fuel cell

“…methanol, formic acid4041. Besides the good catalytic activity of NPG in glucose, hydrazine hydrate electrooxidation reactions and etc424344, electrocatalysts by plating NPG substrate with Pt, Pd et al . also exhibit outstanding catalytic activities454647.…”