Direct monitoring of trace water in Li-ion batteries using <i>operando</i> fluorescence spectroscopy

Ren, Xiaoyan; Wang, Jiawei; Peng, Zhangquan; Lu, Lehui

doi:10.1039/c7sc03191b

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…studied the trace water in Li‐ion batteries using fluorescence spectroscopy. [ 130 ] They developed a platform using nanosized coordination polymers for the detection of water molecules. In 2017, Padilla et al.…”

Section: Optical Microscopy Studies Of Lithium Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing is Believing: In Situ/Operando Optical Microscopy for Probing Electrochemical Energy Systems

Chen

Zhang

Xuan

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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Understanding the mechanisms and fundamentals inside the EESs are critical to improve their performances by boosting the favorable processes and suppressing the detrimental ones. Various ex situ techniques have been used for studying EESs, which provide valuable spatial and temporal information. [6-8] Nevertheless, ex situ methods are limited by the time delay and potential impacts during the operation of removing samples from their initial environments to characterization locations. [9] The results might sometimes be missing or even misleading. This elicits the requirement for in situ/operando methods to conduct real-time observations on reactions and processes inside a system. In situ analytical techniques can provide more realistic information on the ongoing chemical and physical processes in an electrochemical cell. [10] Furthermore, correlating in situ information with electrochemical results obtained synchronously from the same device enables to build a direct cause-and-effect relationship, leading to authentic conclusions. [11] Remarkable progress has been made with advanced characterization techniques including optical, [12] X-ray, [13] electron microscopy, [14] neutron techniques. [15] The techniques work on very different principles. Optical microscopy is based on transmitting light to construct images for the samples. It has a wide effective characterization scales from centimeter to lower than micrometer. X-ray characterization techniques utilize electromagnetic radiation to magnify the samples. X-ray methods, including diffraction, absorption spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray microscopy, provide crucial information from mesoscale morphology to microscale crystal structure and elemental content of electrode materials. [16] Electron micro scopy probes the samples with electron beams. [17] The techniques based on neutron are quite similar as electron, and neutrons are preferable for analyses of light elements such as lithium ion (Li +). Also, Neutrons can go in more penetration depth with a weaker interaction with matter. [18] With the employment of these techniques, the knowledge of mechanisms of EESs has been significantly enhanced. On the other hand, in situ/operando experiments are restricted under certain circumstances, as they generally require special designs and modifications of the unit structures. Compared with other techniques, optical microscopy is preferable for in situ/operando studies considering the basic equipment needed, nonvacuum manipulation, easy access and operation, as well as its nondestructive nature. [19] However, inspections based on optical microscopy require access within the systems for transmitting light. This review discusses a range of in situ/operando techniques based on optical microscopy reported in literatures for studying electrochemical energy systems. Compared to other techniques (scanning probe microscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray microscopy), optical microscopy offers many advantages including the simplicity of the instrument and operation, co...

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Section: Optical Microscopy Studies Of Lithium Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing is Believing: In Situ/Operando Optical Microscopy for Probing Electrochemical Energy Systems

Chen

Zhang

Xuan

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…Except for the Mn 2+ , a common substance in lithium batteries like Li + , Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , lithium metal, and water can also be corporealized in this way. [ 74–77 ] Chromogenic agents greatly expand the application of optical microscopes. There are two considerations for choosing an appropriate chromogenic agent in the battery research.…”

Section: Optics and Spectroscopy Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Advanced Imaging Techniques for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Deng

Xing

Huang³

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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Lithium‐ion batteries are the most commercially successful electrochemical devices, extensively used in intelligent electronics, electric vehicles, grid energy storages, etc. However, there still needs to be further improvement of their performance such as in energy density, cyclability, rate capability, and safety. To do so, it is necessary to understand the detailed structural evolution progress inside the battery. Many advanced imaging techniques have been developed to directly monitor the status and get some key information inside the battery. For advanced imaging techniques, superhigh resolution, fully informative function, nondestruction of the sample, and in situ observation are required. This review introduces and discusses some recent important progress on a variety of advanced imaging techniques for battery research. These imaging techniques have enabled the visualization of sub‐micrometer level chemical valence distribution, evolution of solid‐electrolyte interface, Li dendrite growth, and trace amount of gassing, etc., which greatly promote the development of rechargeable batteries. Of particular note, a new ultrasonic imaging technique has been recently developed to monitor gas generation, the electrolyte wetting process, and the state of charge in the battery. Finally, a perspective is given on some future developments in the imaging techniques for Li‐ion batteries and other rechargeable batteries.

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“…To overcome these challenges, a promising strategy is proposed to introduce polar oxygen-containing functional groups into carbon, to enhance the Lewis acid–base interactions between carbon hosts and Li 2 S x guests, which can effectively constrain polysulfide shuttle. ,− To date, a variety of oxygen-carrying materials have demonstrated the effective binding with lithium polysulfides, such as graphene oxides , and carbon materials decorated with oxygen functional groups. − Despite exciting progress in the realm of polysulfide trapping, a local structural analysis between single oxygen atom and lithium polysulfide is difficult to fully elucidate the exact origin of the strong interaction, because of a lack of consideration for the spatial arrangement of oxygen atoms affecting the overall trapping performance. Therefore, it would be very advantageous to explore a well-defined structure as a model platform to provide multilateral analysis in a three-dimensional stereoscopic space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Role of Hydroxyl Architecture on Polysulfide Trapping for High-Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Ren

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The rapid loss of active sulfur, because of a notorious effect of polysulfide shuttle, leads to a severe capacity fading in lithium−sulfur (Li−S) batteries. Although oxygen doping in cathodic materials is a promising strategy to enhance bonding interactions with lithium polysulfides, the origin of strong interactions remains to be poorly understood, because of a lack of consideration for the spatial arrangement of oxygen atoms affecting the overall performances. Here, we unveil the role of hydroxyl architecture on polysulfide trapping by systematically studying a series of cyclodextrin molecules that serve as a model platform, because of their well-defined structural uniqueness featuring abundant hydroxyl binding sites. We compare their trapping behaviors toward lithium polysulfides and thus correlate performance variations with their structural differences. Experimental findings coupled with computational modeling suggest that the asymmetrical arrangement of primary hydroxyl groups in β-CD determines the highest binding energies, relevant to the optimal capability in constraining polysulfide shuttle, and, in turn, contributes to remarkable improvements in the rate capacity and cycling performance. The identification of the role of hydroxyl architecture provides an atomic-scale explanation for the interaction between OH-group ordered interface and lithium polysulfides, and a new insight for the future design and engineering of interfaces in Li−S batteries.

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Direct monitoring of trace water in Li-ion batteries using operando fluorescence spectroscopy

Abstract: Operando fluorescence spectroscopy provides an effective platform for the direct monitoring of trace water in an operating Li-ion battery, with the assistance of nanosized coordination polymers as fluorescent probes.

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Seeing is Believing: In Situ/Operando Optical Microscopy for Probing Electrochemical Energy Systems

Seeing is Believing: In Situ/Operando Optical Microscopy for Probing Electrochemical Energy Systems

Recent Progress on Advanced Imaging Techniques for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Unveiling the Role of Hydroxyl Architecture on Polysulfide Trapping for High-Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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