Direct medical cost of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Turkey

Keşkek, Şakir Özgür; Kırım, Sinan; Yanmaz, Necmettin; Şahinoğlu-Keşkek, Nedime; Ortoglu, Gulay; Canataroğlu, Abdullah

doi:10.1007/s13410-013-0159-6

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…According to the study of Keskek et al (10), which is about hospital stays of T1D and T2D diabetic people 54.6±16.6 years of age, the average cost of treatment was calculated as $607.4 (sum of costs of services, drugs, and equipment) which is higher than that in our study ($309). Because costs of Type I and Type II diabetes are given in total we could not compare.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…For example, none of 182 theses on the website of the Turkish Council of Higher Education about T1D were related to costs, as well as none of those among several papers in the database Dergipark, which comprises of periodicals in the Turkish language were related to inpatient pediatric diabetes cost (8,9). The unique one we could find was about 211 diabetic cases, 36 from which were T1D (10). The present study is not just about the cost analysis of 400 T1D cases, moreover, it deals with a betterdefined series, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Cost Of Inpatient Pediatric Type 1 Dıabetes Care In Turkey: Sıngle Center Experıence

Cam

Kurutkan

Arslanoğlu

et al. 2021

Konuralp Tıp Dergisi

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Objective: To explore the financial cost of type 1 diabetic (T1D) children and adolescents during inpatient management for various reasons. Methods: Ten years of electronic hospital records (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018) of the pediatric ward were screened retrospectively and hospitalizations with a confirmed diagnose of T1D were analyzed. Costs are grouped as laboratory tests, clinical interventions, drugs, medical supplies, and total costs before being converted to US dollars according to the mid-year index published by the Central Bank of Turkey. Descriptive statistics and comparisons against patient-specific characteristics are presented. Results: There were 400 eligible cases. Cost per case for the hospital and for the Social Security Institution (SSI) were $268 and $309 respectively. The clinical intervention was the largest (49.84 vs 55.33 %) and that of medical supplies was the smallest (0.43 vs 0.55 %) component of the cost. Blood pH, HbA1c, having a single parent, and the number of days in the ward were parameters influencing total cost significantly (p<0.1). Conclusions: With strict monitoring of social protection mechanisms for families with type I diabetic children with high social risks, cost increases stemming from social risks that can be reduced. Also, it is beneficial to closely monitor the medical risks affecting the pH and HbA1c levels. The study offers the first data about pediatric T1D hospital stays in Turkey which are expected to help to reasonable resource distribution and efficiency of care.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cost Of Inpatient Pediatric Type 1 Dıabetes Care In Turkey: Sıngle Center Experıence

Cam

Kurutkan

Arslanoğlu

et al. 2021

Konuralp Tıp Dergisi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The clinical pathway used provided a clear step-by-step view of where PHC services are consumed, and costs incurred, which enables calculations to be adjusted to different scenarios (e.g., allowing for more/less testing frequency, depending on access/ population needs). Several studies have shown that the economic cost of diabetes is underestimated when complications are excluded [41][42][43][44][45]. For instance, a cost-of-illness study concerned with diabetes financing from patients' out-of-pocket (OOP) spending reported wide variations in the estimated costs of care across several African countries and between the public and private healthcare systems.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating treatment costs for uncomplicated diabetes at a hospital serving refugees in Kenya

Masis

Kanya²,

Kiogora³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing markedly in low- and middle-income countries where over three-quarters of global deaths occur due to non-communicable diseases. Unfortunately, these conditions are considered costly and often deprioritized in humanitarian settings with competing goals. Using a mixed methods approach, this study aimed to quantify the cost of outpatient treatment for uncomplicated type-1 (T1DM) and type-2 (T2DM) diabetes at a secondary care facility serving refugees in Kenya. A retrospective cost analysis combining micro- and gross-costings from a provider perspective was employed. The main outcomes included unit costs per health service activity to cover the total cost of labor, capital, medications and consumables, and overheads. A care pathway was mapped out for uncomplicated diabetes patients to identify direct and indirect medical costs. Interviews were conducted to determine inputs required for diabetes care and estimate staff time allocation. A total of 360 patients, predominantly Somali refugees, were treated for T2DM (92%, n = 331) and T1DM (8%, n = 29) in 2017. Of the 3,140 outpatient consultations identified in 2017; 48% (n = 1,522) were for males and 52% (n = 1,618) for females. A total of 56,144 tests were run in the setting, of which 9,512 (16.94%) were Random Blood Sugar (RBS) tests, and 90 (0.16%) HbA1c tests. Mean costs were estimated as: $2.58 per outpatient consultation, $1.37 per RBS test and $14.84 per HbA1c test. The annual pharmacotherapy regimens cost $91.93 for T1DM and $20.34 for T2DM. Investment in holistic and sustainable non-communicable disease management should be at the forefront of humanitarian response. It is expected to be beneficial with immediate implications on the COVID-19 response while also reducing the burden of care over time. Despite study limitations, essential services for the management of uncomplicated diabetes in a humanitarian setting can be modest and affordable. Therefore, integrating diabetes care into primary health care should be a fundamental pillar of long-term policy response by stakeholders.

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“…Additionally, the prolongation of the disease duration brings an increase in the financial burden. 21 Keskek et al 22 stated that the cost of diabetes is high in Turkey, and diabetes and diabetic complications account for the majority of health expenditures. The increase in the prevalence of psychological problems in these patients can be confirmed by considering these conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between nutritional status, anxiety, and depression in hospitalized diabetic patients in Turkey

Bakir

Çalapkorur

2023

Int J Psychiatry Med

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Background Anxiety and depression often coexist in patients with chronic diseases. We evaluated the nutritional status of diabetic patients and its relationship with anxiety and depression. Methods Demographic, diabetic information (disease duration, treatment, hospitalization) information and anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist, and hip circumference) were recorded. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression. 24-h food records were obtained to determine daily energy and nutrient intake. Results In this study of 222 patients, the rates of anxiety, depression and anxious depression were 23.8%, 21.6%, 12.2%, respectively. Those who skipped medication/insulin doses and did not exercise regularly had significantly higher anxiety and depression scores. Anxiety and depression scores were positively correlated with disease duration, waist circumference, waist/hip, and waist/height. Being married, engaging in regular exercise, and increased vitamin B6 consumption were inversely related to anxiety and depression. According to food records, patients with anxiety and depression have a higher proportion of energy from dietary carbohydrates. Anxiety and depression scores were negatively related to dietary energy, protein, fat, some vitamin (retinol, group B, C, and D), and mineral (K, Mg, P, Fe, Zn, Cu) intake. Conclusions Maintaining healthy body weight, compliance with medication/insulin treatment, and regular exercise may help in the prevention of anxiety and depression in hospitalized diabetic patients. Alternatively, anxiety and depression may adversely affect body weight, compliance with treatment, and engaging in regular exercise. Prospective studies are needed to determine the direction of causality.

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Direct medical cost of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Turkey

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Cost Of Inpatient Pediatric Type 1 Dıabetes Care In Turkey: Sıngle Center Experıence

Cost Of Inpatient Pediatric Type 1 Dıabetes Care In Turkey: Sıngle Center Experıence

Estimating treatment costs for uncomplicated diabetes at a hospital serving refugees in Kenya

Relationship between nutritional status, anxiety, and depression in hospitalized diabetic patients in Turkey

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