Direct measurement of urinary testosterone and epitestosterone conjugates using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Borts, David J.; Bowers, Larry D.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9888(200001)35:1<50::aid-jms912>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 87 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition, this method has a good extraction recovery rate for both steroids allowing for accurate concentration determination by the use of the internal standard, stanozolol-D3. Whilst methods have been described for the detection of testosterone and epitestosterone in humans [17,18], this method provides deconjugation and extraction procedures affording detection of testosterone and epitestosterone concentrations in rat serum and urine. This method could be used in future research to investigate testosterone and epitestosterone metabolism in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous methods have been reported but with limitations such as validated applications to either urine [17][18][19][20] or serum [21] only; and with an extraction method taking greater than 1 hour [21]. In comparison, the new method benefits from improved resolution [19] Table 7: Serum testosterone and epitestosterone in rats after the fourth week of sample collection ± SEM of triplicate injections.…”

Section: Application Of Methods For Determination Of Testosterone and mentioning

confidence: 99%

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LC-MS/MS-Based Assay for Free and Deconjugated Testosterone and Epitestosterone in Rat Urine and Serum

IK¹

2014

J Anal Bioanal Tech

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Methods For Determination Of Testosterone and mentioning

confidence: 99%

LC-MS/MS-Based Assay for Free and Deconjugated Testosterone and Epitestosterone in Rat Urine and Serum

IK¹

2014

J Anal Bioanal Tech

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“…The quadrupole mass filter is widely used as a single stage analyzer, triple stage analyzer, and hybrid type of quadrupole and TOF mass analyzer. Mass analyzers of the single and triple-stage types have played roles in the quantitative study of drug metabolism 69 and endogenous biologically active substances [72][73][74] and in the qualitative study of combinatorial chemistry. [146][147][148][149] These mass analyzers coupled with ESI, APCI and TSP are favorable for combinations with liquid separation techniques, such as HPLC and capillary electrophoresis (CE).…”

Section: ·1 Quadrupole Mass Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even if it is a drug metabolite, besides stereoisomers, unstable polar metabolites, such as glucuronates and sulfates, may easily produce fragment ions having the same m/z ratio as the drug itself at the first mass analyzer. 174 In addition, prodrugs containing methyl esters and methylated metabolites from the active form, which are completely different compounds, but have the same m/z ratio as a molecular ion, often show a similar MS/MS pattern. Therefore, those isomers and metabolites must be separated by chromatography before MS/MS detection.…”

Section: ·3 Endogenous Active Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] However, the number of articles concerning APCI have increased slowly, because most drugs developed recently contain polar groups which can be ionized without difficulty by the ESI technique. not only be used to gently ionize high molecular weight biopolymers, such as protein, peptide, [4][5][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] and nucleic acid, but can also be used to ionize drugs and their metabolites, including highly polar entities, such as glucuronides, [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] sulfates, [70][71][72][73] and amino acid conjugates. 58,72,74,75 MALDI is a widely used ionization method enabling the determination not only of non-polar compounds, but also polar compounds.…”

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Biomedical and Biological Mass Spectrometry

Mano

Goto

2003

ANAL. SCI.

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By the end of the 20th century, mass spectrometry (MS) had evolved drastically as a major analytical tool in biomedical and biological research. Recent mass spectrometers, designed for ease of handling, came into wide use in the 1990s. Soft ionization methods, which were made practical in the second half of the 1980s, allowed for the sensitive analysis of nonvolatile and thermolabile compounds by MS. Electrospray ionization (ESI) 1,2 and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) 3 methods, made it possible to ionize large biomolecules and to transfer them to the gas phase, thereby becoming a valuable tool in both protein and peptide analysis [4][5][6] and in the study of drugs and their metabolites [7][8][9][10][11][12] in the human body. Many reviews of MS have recently been published, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and in particular, the number of reviews describing biochemical, biological, and biomedical MS have increased dramatically over the last ten years. Initially, there were many commentary reviews on new techniques, such as soft ionization methods and mass analyzers, 13-15 and more recently, review articles have focused on the biological and biomedical applications of MS. 18-21 Above all, two major fields, drug discovery and proteomics, have made marked advances based on MS.Articles in the MEDLINE database were searched, and the results are illustrated in Fig. 1 and Table 1. Over the last 15 years, a total of 79220 MS articles were placed in the database, with a 2.5-fold increase from 1987 to 1999. The number of articles using fast atom bombardment (FAB) as an ionization method remained almost constant during this period. This ionization method is a practical soft ionization procedure, which was applied to the analysis of peptides [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and endogenous biological substances [32][33][34][35] in the 1980s. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) is a suitable method 36 for the ionization of middle or weakly polar low-molecular-weight molecules, and can be easily coupled to conventional highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC), used at a flow rate of around 1 mL/min. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] However, the number of articles concerning APCI have increased slowly, because most drugs developed recently contain polar groups which can be ionized without difficulty by the ESI technique. Japan This review focuses on biological and biomedical mass spectrometry, and covers a selection of publications in this area included in the MEDLINE database for the period 1987 -2001. Over the last 15 years, biological and biomedical mass spectrometry has progressed out of all recognition. The development of soft ionization methods, such as electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, has mainly contributed to the remarkable progress, because they can easily produce gas-phase ions of large, polar, and thermally labile biomolecules, such as proteins, peptides, nucleic acids and others. The innovations of ionization meth...

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric quantification of the mu opioid receptor agonist DAMGO in ovine plasma

et al. 2000

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The synthetic opioid peptide analog Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-N-methyl-Phe-Gly-ol (DAMGO), which is a mu opioid receptor-selective agonist, was quantified in ovine plasma samples with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), using delayed extraction and a reflectron. The internal standard was pentadeuterated DAMGO. Timed-ion selection was used to select the precursor ion. The analysis of the post-source decay fragments improved the detection sensitivity, and the use of the precursor-product ion relationship optimized the specificity. For plasma samples, the inter-assay variability of this method was 6.4% (n = 79) and the intra-assay variability was 6.0% (n = 10). The variability for controls was 3.4% (n = 43). The profile of DAMGO amount versus time was determined in sheep plasma, and the corresponding pharmacokinetic data were calculated.

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Direct measurement of urinary testosterone and epitestosterone conjugates using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 87 publications

References 33 publications

LC-MS/MS-Based Assay for Free and Deconjugated Testosterone and Epitestosterone in Rat Urine and Serum

LC-MS/MS-Based Assay for Free and Deconjugated Testosterone and Epitestosterone in Rat Urine and Serum

Biomedical and Biological Mass Spectrometry

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric quantification of the mu opioid receptor agonist DAMGO in ovine plasma

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