Direct measurement of the speed of sound in a complex plasma under microgravity conditions

Schwabe, Mierk; Jiang, Ke; Zhdanov, S. K.; Hagl, T.; Huber, Peter J.; Ivlev, A. V.; Lipaev, A. M.; Molotkov, V. I.; Naumkin, V. N.; Sütterlin, K. R.; Thomas, Hubertus M.; Фортов, В. Е.; Morfill, G. E.; Скворцов, А. А.; Volkov, S.M.

doi:10.1209/0295-5075/96/55001

Cited by 51 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…The last column contains the values of the reduced sound velocity calculated from the simple fluid approach of this paper using Eq. (20). Some weak dependence on the coupling strength is now present.…”

Section: Sound Velocitymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…(20). Thus, the sound velocity of a system of charged particles immersed in the neutralizing plasma environment is equal to that of an imaginary single component Yukawa system.…”

Section: Sound Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The observations of DAWs and measurements of dust-acoustic (sound) velocities have been used to obtain useful information about dusty plasmas systems under various conditions [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] (we mainly concentrate on three-dimensional particle clouds here, which is also reflected in the reference list). In particular, experimentally measured DAW dispersion relations and sound velocities have been repeatedly used to estimate the electrical charge of particles in dusty plasmas under laboratory and microgravity conditions [16][17][18][19][20], employing various experimental techniques. For other aspects of DAWs and their significance for the field of dusty (complex) plasmas see, for instance, Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluid approach to evaluate sound velocity in Yukawa systems and complex plasmas

Khrapak¹,

Thomas²

2015

Phys. Rev. E

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The conventional fluid description of multi-component plasma, supplemented by an appropriate equation of state for the macroparticle component, is used to evaluate the longitudinal sound velocity of Yukawa fluids. The obtained results are in very good agreement with those obtained earlier employing the quasi-localized charge approximation and molecular dynamics simulations in a rather broad parameter regime. Thus, a simple yet accurate tool to estimate the sound velocity across coupling regimes is proposed, which can be particularly helpful in estimating the dust-acoustic velocity in strongly coupled dusty (complex) plasmas. It is shown that, within the present approach, the sound velocity is completely determined by particle-particle correlations and the neutralizing medium (plasma), apart from providing screening of the Coulomb interaction, has no other effect on the sound propagation. The ratio of the actual sound velocity to its "ideal gas" (weak coupling) scale only weakly depends on the coupling strength in the fluid regime, but exhibits a pronounced decrease with the increase of the screening strength. The limitations of the present approach in applications to real complex plasmas are briefly discussed.

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Section: Sound Velocitymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…(20). Thus, the sound velocity of a system of charged particles immersed in the neutralizing plasma environment is equal to that of an imaginary single component Yukawa system.…”

Section: Sound Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fluid approach to evaluate sound velocity in Yukawa systems and complex plasmas

Khrapak¹,

Thomas²

2015

Phys. Rev. E

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“…Inspired by the studies above, various theoretical models [32][33][34][35][36][37] have been proposed to interpret the observations. The experimental observations of Mach cones in 3D complex plasmas have been made with the help of the PK-3 Plus laboratory [39][40][41]. The excitation of the 3D Mach cone was produced by a supersonic projectile moving in a strongly coupled cloud of charged particles.…”

Section: Mach Cones In 3d Complex Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neon was used as a buffer gas at pressures of 15 and 20 Pa. The observed projectiles were likely larger particles (15 μm in diameter) also present in the chamber [40].…”

Section: Mach Cones In 3d Complex Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Plasma Research under Microgravity Conditions: PK‐3 Plus Laboratory on the International Space Station

Khrapak

Molotkov

Lipaev

et al. 2016

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

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Complex (dusty) plasmas are composed of weakly ionised gas and charged microparticles and represent the plasma state of soft matter. Due to the "heavy" component -the microparticles -and the low density of the surrounding medium, the rarefied gas and plasma, it is necessary to perform experiments under microgravity conditions to cover a broad range of experimental parameters which are not available on ground. The investigations have been performed onboard the International Space Station (ISS) with the help of the "Plasma Crystal-3 Plus" (PK-3 Plus) laboratory. It was perfectly suited for the formation of large stable liquid and crystalline systems and provided interesting insights into processes like crystallisation and melting, laning in binary mixtures, electrorheological effects due to ac electric fields and projectile interaction with a strongly coupled complex plasma cloud.

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Latest Results on Complex Plasmas with the PK-3 Plus Laboratory on Board the International Space Station

Schwabe

Huber

et al. 2018

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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Complex plasmas are low temperature plasmas 1 that contain microparticles in addition to ions, electrons, and 2 neutral particles. The microparticles acquire high charges, 3 interact with each other and can be considered as model par-4 ticles for effects in classical condensed matter systems, such 5 as crystallization and fluid dynamics. In contrast to atoms in 6 ordinary systems, their movement can be traced on the most 7 basic level, that of individual particles. In order to avoid dis-8 turbances caused by gravity, experiments on complex plas-9 mas are often performed under microgravity conditions. The 10 PK-3 Plus Laboratory was operated on board the Interna-11 tional Space Station from 2006 -2013. Its heart consisted of 12 a capacitively coupled radio-frequency plasma chamber. Mi-13 croparticles were inserted into the low-temperature plasma, 14 forming large, homogeneous complex plasma clouds. Here, 15 we review the results obtained with recent analyses of PK-3 16 Plus data: We study the formation of crystallization fronts, 17 as well as the microparticle motion in, and structure of crys-18 talline complex plasmas. We investigate fluid effects such as 19 wave transmission across an interface, and the development 20 of the energy spectra during the onset of turbulent micropar-ticle movement. We explore how abnormal particles move 22 through, and how macroscopic spheres interact with the mi-23 croparticle cloud. These examples demonstrate the versatil-24 ity of the PK-3 Plus Laboratory. 25 28 53 Weightless complex plasmas show a wealth of interest-1 ing phenomena such as relatively stress-free crystallization 2 [9,14], waves [15, 16], lane formation [17, 18], electrorhe-3 ology and string formation [19-22], cavitation and Mach 4 cones [23-25], etc. Laboratories to study complex plasmas 5 were already used on board the Mir space station [26], and 6 were among the first scientific experiments on board the In-7 ternational Space Station (ISS) [9]. The Russian-German 8 PK-3 Plus Laboratory was operated on the ISS from 2006 9 -2013 [27-29], and the state-of-the-art Russian-European 10 PK-4 Laboratory is currently on board [30, 31]. Data analy-11 sis from PK-3 Plus is still on-going, and here we will review 12 some of the latest results. 13 Fig. 1 shows a sketch of the heart of the PK-3 Plus Lab-14 oratory, the plasma chamber. A plasma was produced in a 15 vacuum chamber filled with argon or neon gas at pressures 16 between 5 and 255 Pa by applying a radio-frequency elec-17 tric field to two parallel electrodes with a distance of 3 cm 18 and a radius of 6 cm. The electrodes were surrounded by 19 1.5 cm wide grounded guard rings in which particle dis-20 pensers were embedded. The dispensers were shaken elec-21 tromagnetically in order to inject monodisperse silica and 22 78

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Direct measurement of the speed of sound in a complex plasma under microgravity conditions

Cited by 51 publications

References 44 publications

Fluid approach to evaluate sound velocity in Yukawa systems and complex plasmas

Fluid approach to evaluate sound velocity in Yukawa systems and complex plasmas

Complex Plasma Research under Microgravity Conditions: PK‐3 Plus Laboratory on the International Space Station

Latest Results on Complex Plasmas with the PK-3 Plus Laboratory on Board the International Space Station

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