Direct Measurement of Skin Conductance: A Proposal for Standardization

Lykken, David T.; Venables, Peter H.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1971.tb00501.x

Cited by 920 publications

(471 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For each trial, the maximum amplitude recorded in the time window of 7 s starting with the initial movement of the needle was extracted. The measures were intra-subject normalized [34][35][36] in order to obtain comparable measures among the participants, given the well known large inter-subject variability of SCR [37,38]. In addition, the mean skin conductance level (SCL) during each condition was calculated to evaluate the basal sympathetic tone [39].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

Romano

Pfeiffer

Maravita

et al. 2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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h i g h l i g h t s• We experimentally induced the full body illusion through a robotic device.• We collected SCRs and ratings following acute pain stimulation during bodily illusion.• Reduced arousal responses were detectable under illusory states of self-consciousness.• Reduced SCR was related to the degree of ownership experienced for the virtual body.• Virtual body must be in anatomical configuration to be effective. a r t i c l e i n f o b s t r a c tLooking at one's own body has been shown to induce analgesia. In the present work we investigated whether illusory self-identification with an avatar, as induced experimentally through visuo-tactile stimulation, modulates the response to painful stimuli.In 30 healthy volunteers, a robotic device was used to stroke the participants' back, while they viewed either the body of an avatar, a non-body object (control object), or a body avatar with scrambled body parts (control body). All were visually stimulated in either congruent or incongruent fashion with the participant's body. We collected physiological responses (skin conductance response: SCR) to painful stimuli delivered to the participant's hand and responses to a questionnaire inquiring about self-identification with the avatar. We expected reduced physiological responses to pain during the observation of a body avatar only during synchronous visuo-tactile stroking and no reduction for the control object and the control body.Results showed a reduced SCR to painful stimuli when participants observed the normal body avatar being stroked synchronously that was also associated with largest self-identification ratings recordable already during the pain anticipation. Moreover, a negative correlation between self-identification and SCR was observed, suggesting that a greater degree of self-identification with the avatar was associated with larger decreases in SCR. These results suggest that during states of illusory self-identification with the avatar, the vision of an alien body (anatomically compatible for the vision and congruently stroked for the touch) is effective in modulating physiological responses to painful stimuli.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

Romano

Pfeiffer

Maravita

et al. 2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…The average SCL values in the timewindow ranging from 0 to 143 seconds (end of the block) were extracted and range-normalized following a standard procedure (Lykken and Venables, 1971). The normalized average SCL values obtained for the three blocks followed by PFs were averaged together, as were the values obtained for the three blocks followed by NFs.…”

Section: Data Reduction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

State-dependent attention modulation of human primary visual cortex: A high density ERP study

Rossi

2012

NeuroImage

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Converging electrophysiological and brain-imaging results show that sensory processing in V1 can be modulated by attention. In this study, we tested the prediction that this early filtering effect depends on the current affective state of the participant. We recorded visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to visual peripheral distractors while participants performed a demanding task at fixation, whose perceptual load was manipulated in a parametric fashion. Crucially, levels of negative affect were either increased or decreased independently of changes in perceptual load.Concurrent psychophysiological measurements and self-report scales confirmed that changes in emotional state were effective. In the control condition, ERP results showed that the C1 component generated in response to the exact same peripheral distractors systematically varied in amplitude with the amount of perceptual load imposed at fixation, being larger when perceptual load decreased. However, this early modulatory effect in V1 was disrupted when participants transiently experienced increased state anxiety, resulting in a decreased C1 amplitude even though task load at fixation remained low. These results suggest that early bottom-up processing in V1 is not only influenced by the amount of attention resources available, but also by the current internal state of the participant.

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“…However, such a concept is not completely solvable when using bivalued dimensions: only the relevant dimensions can be found, not the relevant values. Finally, a better SCR measure than the skin resistance Zimmermann used is conceivable, namely the skin conductance (Lykken and Venables, 1971). Pishkin and Shurley (1968) used a self-paced CL task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between SCR, heart rate and information processing

Swart

Das-Smaal

1976

Biological Psychology

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This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the amount of information processing in concept learning (CL) and autonomic physiological activity as measured by skin conductance response (SCR). Heart rate (HR) was also measured. Two conceptual rules were used: a conjunctive and an inclusive disjunctive concept. The results indicated that the SCR rose with increasing amount of information processing at the feedback during CL. Furthermore, it was shown that SCR increased with increasing difficulty of the conceptual rule. HR appeared not to vary with amount of information processing, nor with type of concept. In the conjunctive series, however, there was a significant difference between HR at stimulus presentation and HR at feedback.

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Direct Measurement of Skin Conductance: A Proposal for Standardization

Cited by 920 publications

References 15 publications

Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

Illusory self-identification with an avatar reduces arousal responses to painful stimuli

State-dependent attention modulation of human primary visual cortex: A high density ERP study

Relationship between SCR, heart rate and information processing

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