Direct Injection Gasoline Engines - Combustion and Design

Geiger, José; Grigo, Michael; Lang, Oliver; Wolters, Peter; Hupperich, Patrick

doi:10.4271/1999-01-0170

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The advantages of DISI engines reflect in their higher thermal efficiency due to the higher volumetric efficiency of the unthrottled charge, better potential for reducing the specific fuel consumption, and better control of injection quantity and timing (Gao et al, 2005). Significant advancements have been made in recent years in the development of combustion systems for DISI engines which have resulted in larger fuel economy benefits, better exhaust emissions, and significant power advantages compared to throttle-body (TB) and port fuel (PF) injected engines (Kume et al, 1996;Ando;1996, Jackson et al, 1996Itoh et al, 1998;Geiger et al, 1999). DISI engines, however, have their drawbacks due to the time limitations and gasoline direct injection characteristics which may affect the fuel evaporation, charge homogeneity, and the stability of the entire combustion process which lead to an intense cyclic variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Combustion instabilities and nanoparticles emission fluctuations in GDI spark ignition engine

Hassaneen

Samuel

Whelan

2011

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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The main challenge facing the concept of gasoline direct injection is the unfavourable physical conditions at which the premixed charge is prepared and burned. These conditions include the short time available for gasoline to be sprayed, evaporated, and homogeneously mixed with air. These conditions most probably affect the combustion process and the cycle-by-cycle variation and may be reflected in overall engine operation. The aim of this research is to analyze the combustion characteristics and cycle-by-cycle variation including engine-out nanoparticulates of a turbocharged, gasoline direct injected spark ignition (DISI) engine at a wide range of operating conditions. Gasoline DISI, turbo-intercooled, 1.6L, 4 cylinder engine has been used in the study. In-cylinder pressure has been measured using spark plug mounted piezoelectric transducer along with a PC based data acquisition. A single zone heat release model has been used to analyze the in-cylinder pressure data. The analysis of the combustion characteristics includes the flame development (0-10% burned mass fraction) and rapid burn (10-90% burned mass fraction) durations at different engine conditions. The cycle-by-cycle variations have been characterized by the coefficient of variations (COV) in the peak cylinder pressure, the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), burn durations, and particle number density. The combustion characteristics and cyclic variability of the DISI engine are compared with data from throttle body injected (TBI) engine and conclusions are developed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Combustion instabilities and nanoparticles emission fluctuations in GDI spark ignition engine

Hassaneen

Samuel

Whelan

2011

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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“…The distance between the injector and the spark plug is large enough for the fuel to evaporate before ignition. This [Geiger et al, 1999].…”

Section: -1-5 Orbitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FEV Geiger et al (1999) proposed a charge motion controlled combustion system as shown in the schematic cross-section of the combustion chamber in Figure 2-10. At stratified operation, the mixture formation and charge stratification is controlled by the tumble flow, which is generated by a continuous variable tumble system (CVTS) mounted at the intake port entry.…”

Section: -1-5 Orbitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fuel Film Temperature and Thickness Measurements on the Piston Crown of a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine

Park¹,

Ghandhi²

2005

SAE Technical Paper Series

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The fuel film thickness and temperature on the piston crown of a direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engine were measured using a fiber-based laser induced fluorescence (LIF) method. The engine investigated employed a wall-guided swirl-type system using a high-pressure swirl injector impinging onto the piston crown. The fuel used was isooctane with a small amount of a fluorescent liquid dopant. The measured fluorescence intensity was transformed to the fuel film thickness by way of the equations based on photophysics and the fiber optic properties. However, the fluorescence of the fuel mixture showed a strong dependency on the fuel temperature and this information was needed in the fuel film thickness calculation. The fuel film temperature, which may differ from the piston surface temperature, was measured by using a fiber-based fluorescence thermometry method.Engine tests were performed for motored and fired conditions under the late injection stratified mode. The results of the fuel film temperature measurement showed that the mean fuel film temperature follows the piston surface temperature and the convection heat transfer from the compressed hot air directly affected the mean fuel film temperature during the compression and expansion stroke. The fuel film thickness measurement results showed that the boiling point of the liquid dopant should be much higher than that of the main fuel to ii meet the co-evaporation condition. The fuel film persisted during the expansion stroke and started to evaporate actively from the exhaust valve opening crank angle for both motored and fired conditions. The fuel film thickness from the fuel injection to just before the occurrence of pool fires was the same level for motored and fired engine conditions although the piston temperature was higher for the fired condition. The spark ignition and the main flame before the pool fires do not affect the fuel film thickness. The duration and thickness of the fuel film was strongly affected by the boiling point of the fuel. The fuel film evaporates quicker for a fuel having a lower boiling point.

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“…Among the three types of typical GDI combustion systems [10], the wall-guided configuration is the least used in recent engine production due to concerns regarding fuel impingement and high THC and particle emissions [11]. However, the wall-guided configuration is still employed and is combined with the air-guided configuration to reduce costs in some systems [12].…”

Section: Development Of Gdi Combustion Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Technology

Shuai

et al. 2018

Automot. Innov.

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Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are currently the dominant powertrains for passenger cars. With the implementation of increasingly stringent fuel consumption and emission regulations worldwide, GDI engines are facing challenges owing to high particulate matter emissions and a tendency to knock, leading to a change in the research and design (R&D) issues compared with those in the twentieth century. This paper reviews the progress in research regarding GDI engine technologies over the past 20 years, focusing on combustion system configurations, and also highlights common issues in GDI R&D, including preignition and deto-knock, soot formation and PM emissions, injector deposits and gasoline compression ignition (GCI). First, an overview of recent developments in the field as driven by regulations is provided, following which progress in injection and combustion systems is examined. Third, the review addresses the occurrence and mechanism of deto-knock and considers means of suppressing this phenomenon. The fourth section discusses soot formation mechanisms and particulate matter emission characteristics of GDI engines and describes the application of gasoline particulate filter (GPF) after-treatment. The subsequent section summarizes studies regarding injector deposit formation, as well as pioneering research into GCI combustion modes. Finally, a summary and future prospects for GDI engine technologies are provided.

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Direct Injection Gasoline Engines - Combustion and Design

Cited by 33 publications

References 2 publications

Combustion instabilities and nanoparticles emission fluctuations in GDI spark ignition engine

Combustion instabilities and nanoparticles emission fluctuations in GDI spark ignition engine

Fuel Film Temperature and Thickness Measurements on the Piston Crown of a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine

Recent Progress in Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Technology

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