Direct hydrogen production from cellulosic waste materials with a single-step dark fermentation process

Magnusson, Lauren; Islam, Rumana; Sparling, Richard; Levin, David B.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.018

Cited by 95 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These results suggest that pretreated SSS is playing the vital role in the biogas production. In view of the variation in biogas and methane yield with different substrates and its production by fermentation is associated with availability of carbon source (Mangnusson et al, 2008, Zhang et al, 2007, Fan et al, 2003. It was noticed that more soluble sugars released to fermentation medium by the SSS was observed compared to GNS and PS denoting the higher biogas yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas production from renewable lignocellulosic biomass

Gnanambal

Swaminathan

2015

Int. J. Environ.

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Effect of raw and biologically treated lignocellulosic biomass using cow dung slurry for biogas production is reported. Biomass is an energy source. Water containing biomass such as sewage sludge, cow dung slurry and lignocellulosic waste, has several important advantages and one of the key feature is renewability. Cow dung slurry has the potential to produce large amounts of biogas. Four categories of bacteria viz., hydrolytic, fermentative, fermentative acidogenic and acidogenic-methanogenic bacteria are involved in the production of biogas. The different characteristics of the cow dung slurry were determined according to standard methods. Hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin content of the lignocellulosic waste were also determined in our earlier studies. The substrates were digested under anaerobic condition for 5 days. The total biogas and methane produced during anaerobic digestion were estimated on 5 th day. The total biogas produced during digestion was estimated by water displacement method. Biological methane production was estimated by using Saccharometer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas production from renewable lignocellulosic biomass

Gnanambal

Swaminathan

2015

Int. J. Environ.

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“…Most of our current understanding of C. thermocellum physiology is based on fermentations with carbohydrate loadings of <10 g/L [7,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. There are, however, a few notable exceptions.…”

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confidence: 99%

The exometabolome of Clostridium thermocellum reveals overflow metabolism at high cellulose loading

Holwerda

Thorne

Olson

et al. 2014

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background: Clostridium thermocellum is a model thermophilic organism for the production of biofuels from lignocellulosic substrates. The majority of publications studying the physiology of this organism use substrate concentrations of ≤10 g/L. However, industrially relevant concentrations of substrate start at 100 g/L carbohydrate, which corresponds to approximately 150 g/L solids. To gain insight into the physiology of fermentation of high substrate concentrations, we studied the growth on, and utilization of high concentrations of crystalline cellulose varying from 50 to 100 g/L by C. thermocellum. Results: Using a defined medium, batch cultures of C. thermocellum achieved 93% conversion of cellulose (Avicel) initially present at 100 g/L. The maximum rate of substrate utilization increased with increasing substrate loading. During fermentation of 100 g/L cellulose, growth ceased when about half of the substrate had been solubilized. However, fermentation continued in an uncoupled mode until substrate utilization was almost complete. In addition to commonly reported fermentation products, amino acids -predominantly L-valine and L-alanine -were secreted at concentrations up to 7.5 g/L. Uncoupled metabolism was also accompanied by products not documented previously for C. thermocellum, including isobutanol, meso-and RR/SS-2,3-butanediol and trace amounts of 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol and 1-propanol. We hypothesize that C. thermocellum uses overflow metabolism to balance its metabolism around the pyruvate node in glycolysis. Conclusions: C. thermocellum is able to utilize industrially relevant concentrations of cellulose, up to 93 g/L. We report here one of the highest degrees of crystalline cellulose utilization observed thus far for a pure culture of C. thermocellum, the highest maximum substrate utilization rate and the highest amount of isobutanol produced by a wild-type organism.

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“…According to Magnusson et al (2008), although there are several different methods of hydrogen production, biohydrogen production by dark fermentation, compared to alternative methods such as biophotolysis of water or photofermentation, is advantageous due to its higher rate of production. Besides, nonbiological methods of hydrogen production such as electrolysis and steam reformation of methane require extensive amounts of energy and also are sources of polluting emissions, such as CO 2 , CO, NOx, and SOx.…”

Section: Bioproducts Bioethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose from Lignocellulosic Waste

et al. 2014

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Bioconversion of renewable lignocellulosic biomass to biofuel and value-added products is globally gaining significant importance. Lignocellulosic wastes are the most promising feedstock considering its great availability and low cost. Biomass conversion process involves mainly two steps: hydrolysis of cellulose in the lignocellulosic biomass to produce reducing sugars and fermentation of the sugars to ethanol and other bioproducts. However, sugars necessary for fermentation are trapped inside the recalcitrant structure of the lignocellulose. Hence, pretreatment of lignocellulosic wastes is always necessary to alter and/or remove the surrounding matrix of lignin and hemicellulose in order to improve the hydrolysis of cellulose. These pretreatments cause physical and/or chemical changes in the plant biomass in order to achieve this result. Each pretreatment has a specific effect on the cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin fraction. Thus, the pretreatment methods and conditions should be chosen according to the process configuration selected for the subsequent hydrolysis steps. In general, pretreatment methods can be classified into four categories, including physical, physicochemical, chemical, and biological pretreatment. This chapter addresses different pretreatment technologies envisaging enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation for cellulosic ethanol production and other bioproducts. It primarily covers the structure of lignocellulosic wastes; the characteristics of different pretreatment methods; enzymatic hydrolysis; fermentation and bioproducts; and future research challenges and trends.

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Direct hydrogen production from cellulosic waste materials with a single-step dark fermentation process

Cited by 95 publications

References 18 publications

Biogas production from renewable lignocellulosic biomass

Biogas production from renewable lignocellulosic biomass

The exometabolome of Clostridium thermocellum reveals overflow metabolism at high cellulose loading

Cellulose from Lignocellulosic Waste

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