Direct gas phase synthesis of amorphous Si/C nanoparticles as anode material for lithium ion battery

Orthner, Hans; Wiggers, Hartmut; Loewenich, Moritz; Kilian, Stefan O.; Bade, Stefan; Lyubina, Julia

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159315

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, for the existing work on pure silicon from SCW (Table S5, Supporting Information), the performance in this paper is the best, which is even comparable to nano-silicon prepared by HEBM or CVD. [27,49,50] While ensuring the superior performance of the product, the method presented in this article also has a huge cost advantage, compared with conventional commercial nano-silicon production methods HEBM and CVD. SCW is much cheaper than metallurgical silicon, micro-silicon and SiH 4 as raw material, as shown in Table S6, Supporting Information, only $0.2 kg −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO₂ Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation

Zhou

et al. 2022

Small

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

storage devices since the 21st century, [7] and researchers have found that silicon (the theoretical capacity of forming Li 22 Si 5 :4200 mAh g −1 ) has the highest theoretical capacity among its known anode materials, more than ten times that of the current commercial graphite (the theoretical capacity of forming LiC 6 :372 mAh g −1 ) anode. [8][9][10] However, silicon anode has some defects, such as poor conductivity, large volume change (>300%) during lithiation/delithiation, repeated fragmentation and proliferation of solid electrolyte interphase film, and easy powdering of the electrode, which will lead to severe performance degradation. [11,12] To overcome these problems, researchers have proposed several solutions: shrinking the size of silicon to alleviate stress changes, [13] compounding with highly conductive materials to enhance conductivity, [14,15] designing porous structures of silicon to leave room for expansion of materials, [16] and adding inert phases to provide mechanical support. [17] In addition, there are some novel electrolytes [18] and binders [19] developed specifically for silicon to improve the overall performance of the battery. Nevertheless, in the practical application of silicon, there is still a very critical problem that is easily overlooked by most researchers: the preparation cost of silicon-based materials.First of all, the silicon sources for the preparation of siliconbased materials mainly include metallurgical silicon, silane (e.g., SiH 4 ), organosilicon (e.g., tetraethyl orthosilicate), silicate minerals (e.g., halloysite), biomass silicon (e.g., rice husk), silicon-based waste (e.g., waste glass), and commercial micro/ nano silicon, [20][21][22] which occupy a large part of the cost. Most of the sources are relatively expensive, and the cheap ones often undergo complex processing. Second, the preparation methods of silicon-based materials such as high-energy ball milling (HEBM), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and metal thermal reduction are usually complicated, resulting in high energy consumption, long process, high cost, and low yield. [23,24] Therefore, based on the current preparation scheme, the preparation cost of silicon-based materials remains high, which makes its practical application difficult thus limits its commercialization process.The preparation of high-performance silicon-based materials from silicon-based waste is a good choice from the Silicon is an excellent candidate for the next generation of ultra-high performance anode materials, with the rapid iteration of the lithium-ion battery industry. High-quality silicon sources are the cornerstone of the development of silicon anodes, and silicon cutting waste (SCW) is one of them while still faces the problems of poor performance and unclear structure-activity relationship. Herein, a simple, efficient, and inexpensive purification method is implemented to reduce impurities in SCW and expose the morphology of nanosheets therein. Furthermore, HF is used to modulate the abundant native O in SCW after thermo...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO₂ Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation

Zhou

et al. 2022

Small

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Silicon/Carbon (referred to as Si/C) composite nanoparticles (4.6 wt.% carbon content) were produced as described. [ 38 ] The particle sizes, according to electron microscopy, and densities of the materials are listed in Table S5 (Supporting Information).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Hansen Parameters of Nanoparticles: A Comparison of Two Methods Using Titania, Carbon Black, and Silicon/Carbon Composite Materials

Anwar¹,

Amin²,

Amin³

et al. 2023

Part & Part Syst Charact

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs), for particles understood as Hansen similarity parameters, can provide valuable information about the surface behavior of nanoparticles. In the past years, several methodologies are developed for scoring and ranking of probe liquids for HSP determination. Two methods available to carry out this determination in a structured way are based on integral extinctions (IE) by Süß et al. and particle size determinations by Anwar et al., respectively. In this study, these two methods of HSP determination are applied on titania, carbon black, and silicon/carbon composites. The differences in scoring and subsequent ranking of a probe liquid list are compared between both methods. Comparable HSPs from both methods are reported as a best‐practice example and additional considerations that need to be considered to properly derive HSPs from the IE‐based method are emphasized.

show abstract

“…Si/C composite nanoparticles (4.6 wt.% carbon content, primary particle sizes ranging from 100 -265 nm, transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images are shown in supporting information see SI 1.1) were produced as described elsewhere [21]. Si/C composite nanoparticles have a unique structure in which carbon is atomically distributed in the silicon particles such that the particle center is carbon-poor, and the particle surface is carbon-rich.…”

Section: Preparation Of Hierarchically Structured Supraparticles By O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step non-reactive spray drying approach to produce silicon/carbon composite-based hierarchically structured supraparticles for lithium-ion battery anodes

Amin¹,

Loewenich²,

Kilian³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One-step non-reactive spray drying approach has been successfully demonstrated to produce hierarchically structured supraparticles – of silicon/carbon composite nanoparticles synthesized in the gas-phase. The produced supraparticles combine the advantages of both nanoparticles and micrometer-sized particles: they inherit nanoparticle-like mechanical stability to resist pulverization but have reduced surface area and therefore electrolyte contact area. The supraparticles showed very good redispersion stability when processed into electrodes and showed improved coated layer density (increase by 19 %) as compared to silicon/carbon composite nanoparticles. Furthermore, supraparticles exhibited good first cycle Coulombic efficiency around 86 % and good cycling stability, i.e. 80 % of the 3rd cycle capacity was retained after 126 cycles vs only 65.2 % after the same number of cycles for best coating from silicon/carbon composite nanoparticles. We consider this investigation as key finding for scalable manufacturing of low-cost and dense Si-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries and at the same time as an example of how hierarchical structures can make significant impact in electrochemistry.

show abstract

Direct gas phase synthesis of amorphous Si/C nanoparticles as anode material for lithium ion battery

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO₂ Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO₂ Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation

Determination of Hansen Parameters of Nanoparticles: A Comparison of Two Methods Using Titania, Carbon Black, and Silicon/Carbon Composite Materials

One-step non-reactive spray drying approach to produce silicon/carbon composite-based hierarchically structured supraparticles for lithium-ion battery anodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Direct gas phase synthesis of amorphous Si/C nanoparticles as anode material for lithium ion battery

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO2 Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO2 Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation

Determination of Hansen Parameters of Nanoparticles: A Comparison of Two Methods Using Titania, Carbon Black, and Silicon/Carbon Composite Materials

One-step non-reactive spray drying approach to produce silicon/carbon composite-based hierarchically structured supraparticles for lithium-ion battery anodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO₂ Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation

Silicon Cutting Waste Derived Silicon Nanosheets with Adjustable Native SiO₂ Shell for Highly‐Stable Lithiation/Delithiation