“…To assess the quality and structure of the synthesized TiS 2 crystals at 800 °C, samples were carefully characterized by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), as shown in Figure . The Raman spectrum of the TiS 2 crystals (Figure a) showed the in-plane (E g ) mode at 232 cm –1 and an out-of-plane (A 1g ) mode at 336 cm –1 , which are characteristic peaks of TiS 2 , as reported in the literature. − As expected, pure titanium (smooth and structured) does not have any Raman fingerprints. The XRD spectrum of the synthesized TiS 2 (Figure b) showed peaks at 15.47°, 34.08°, 44.08°, 47.76°, 53.66°, 56.23°, 57.58°, 65.43°, and 72.10°, which correspond to the planes (001), (011), (012), (003), (110), (111), (103), (104), and (022), similar to the previously reported results.…”