Direct exfoliation of graphene in ionic liquids with aromatic groups

Bari, Rozana; Tamas, George; Irin, Fahmida; Aquino, Adélia J. A.; Green, Micah J.; Quitevis, Edward L.

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.09.024

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Finally, the presence of one benzyl group is not beneficial towards graphene exfoliation, but two benzyl groups actually lead to the lowest PMF we calcualted. This affinity of the dibenzyl imidazolium cation towards graphene was recently reported experimentally [36]. The best ILs for fluorographene exfoliation among those studied are based on C 10 C 1 im + .…”

Section: A Potential Of Mean Forcesupporting

confidence: 72%

Exfoliation of graphene and fluorographene in molecular and ionic liquids

2018

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We use molecular dynamics simulation to study the exfoliation of graphene and fluorographene in molecular and ionic liquids, by performing computer experiments in which one layer of the 2D nanomaterial is peeled from a stack, in vacuum and in the presence of solvent. The liquid media and the nanomaterials are represented by fully flexible, atomistic force fields. From these simulations we calculate the potential of mean force, or reversible work, required to exfoliate the materials. Calculations in water and organic liquids showed that small amides (NMP, DMF) are among the best solvents for exfoliation, in agreement with experiment. We tested ionic liquids with different cation and anion structures, allowing us to learn about their solvent quality for exfoliation of the nanomaterials. First, a long alkyl side chain on the cation is favourable for exfoliation of both graphene and fluorographene. The presence of aromatic groups on the cation is also favourable for graphene. No beneficial effect was found between fluorine-containing anions and fluorographene. We also analysed the ordering of ions in the interfacial layers with the materials. Near graphene, nonpolar groups are found but also charged groups, whereas near fluorographene almost exclusively non-charged groups are found, with ionic moieties segregated to second layer. Therefore, fluorographene appears as a more hydrophobic surface, as expected.

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Section: A Potential Of Mean Forcesupporting

confidence: 72%

Exfoliation of graphene and fluorographene in molecular and ionic liquids

2018

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“…The D peak near 1350 cm À1 indicates the presence of edge defects, which are likely due to ultrasonication [1]. These results are consistent with prior reports of pristine graphene dispersions [4,25]. In our previous paper, Raman spectroscopy on graphene/PSA films showed a similar trend [2].…”

Section: Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Adsorption and removal of graphene dispersants

Irin

Hansen

Bari

et al. 2015

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…[171] In 2014, Quitevis and co-workers investigated the use of various ILs as a liquid media in UILPE. [172] Among the four different ILs, the use of 1,3-Bis(phenylmethyl)imidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide [(BnzM) 2 It is important to note that benchmarking values of graphene concentration is one of the biggest matters in the field. The concentration of graphene as well as the lateral flake size differs significantly from one article to another.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supramolecular Approaches to Graphene: From Self‐Assembly to Molecule‐Assisted Liquid‐Phase Exfoliation

2016

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Graphene, a one-atom thick two-dimensional (2D) material, is at the core of an ever-growing research effort due to its combination of unique mechanical, thermal, optical and electrical properties. Two strategies are being pursued for the graphene production: the bottom-up and the top-down. The former relies on the use of covalent chemistry approaches on properly designed molecular building blocks undergoing chemical reaction to form 2D covalent networks. The latter occurs via exfoliation of bulk graphite into individual graphene sheets. Amongst the various types of exfoliations exploited so far, ultrasound-induced liquid-phase exfoliation (UILPE) is an attractive strategy, being extremely versatile, up-scalable and applicable to a variety of environments. In this review, we highlight the recent developments that have led to successful non-covalent functionalization of graphene and how the latter can be exploited to promote the process of molecule-assisted UILPE of graphite. The functionalization of graphene with non-covalently interacting molecules, both in dispersions as well as in dry films, represents a promising and modular approach to tune various physical and chemical properties of graphene, eventually conferring to such a 2D system a multifunctional nature.

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Direct exfoliation of graphene in ionic liquids with aromatic groups

Cited by 55 publications

References 40 publications

Exfoliation of graphene and fluorographene in molecular and ionic liquids

Exfoliation of graphene and fluorographene in molecular and ionic liquids

Adsorption and removal of graphene dispersants

Supramolecular Approaches to Graphene: From Self‐Assembly to Molecule‐Assisted Liquid‐Phase Exfoliation

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