Direct evidence of heterogeneity during high-shear granulation

The Effect of Disaccharide Concentration in a Liquid Binder on The Mechanisms and Kinetics of Disc Granulation

“…The method of binder delivery affected both the initial distribution of nucleus sizes and the subsequent growth of granules. Similar experiments with the same materials and devices were performed by Scott (2000). Schaefer and Mathiesen (1996) confirmed that the increase in binder particle size was associated with the increase in initial size of nuclei and with the subsequent growth rate of granules.…”

“…Schaefer and Mathiesen (1996) proposed two different mechanisms of nucleation, depending on the relative size of droplets and raw material particles: distribution mechanism and immersion mechanism. The aforementioned mechanisms describing granulation process have been extended to wet granulation in high-speed mixers by Scott et al (2000). Analysis of the influence of wetting liquid properties on the granulation process shows also the impact of viscosity on nucleation kinetics.…”

Roles of Granule Size in Over-Granulation During High Shear Wet Granulation

“…1 Although much is known about HSWG process, comprehensive understanding of the science and engineering of HSWG process remains a distant goal. 2,3 One persistent problem in HSWG is the substantial loss of ability of granulated powders to be compressed into intact tablets, a phenomenon known as ''overgranulation.'' This problem has been widely observed but poorly defined.…”

Wet granulation: the effect of shear on granule properties

“…The more binder used, the harder are the granules. The influence of binder content on the growth behaviour in granulation has been the subject of numerous recent papers [4,5]. Here, we determine the binder to solid ratio per size fraction of granules by thermogravimetry as described in earlier work [6].…”