“…Although the algorithm for the 3D 3-component near-wall flow assessment is still under development, 24,25 the Wall-PIV technique may be used for flow visualization of the near-wall path lines. The visualization of path lines in the trifurcation ACA aneurysm without coils was recently published by our group.…”
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Coil embolization procedures change the flow conditions in the cerebral aneurysm and, therefore, in the near-wall region. Knowledge of these flow changes may be helpful to optimize therapy. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the coil-packing attenuation on the near-wall flow and its variability due to differences in the coil structure.
“…Although the algorithm for the 3D 3-component near-wall flow assessment is still under development, 24,25 the Wall-PIV technique may be used for flow visualization of the near-wall path lines. The visualization of path lines in the trifurcation ACA aneurysm without coils was recently published by our group.…”
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Coil embolization procedures change the flow conditions in the cerebral aneurysm and, therefore, in the near-wall region. Knowledge of these flow changes may be helpful to optimize therapy. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the coil-packing attenuation on the near-wall flow and its variability due to differences in the coil structure.
“…Validations using analytical solutions for the rectangular duct and conventional PIV in combination with computational fluid dynamics for the U-shaped ducts showed good agreements with aberrations between 5 and 10 per cent for local velocity magnitudes in the plane parallel to the wall [18,24]. The principal limitation of the described configuration was the particle size.…”
Section: Description Of the New Techniquementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast with conventional PIV as a two-dimensional two-component or stereo PIV as a two-dimensional three-component measurement technique (two or three velocity components are calculated in a plane), with this new method all three velocity components can be measured in the (slim) volume adjoining the wall. The development of the algorithms for this threedimensional three-component flow analysis is being realized by the Interdisciplinary Centre for Scientific Computing (IWR) at the University of Heidelberg [18,19]. With the assumption of nonslip conditions along the wall, the wall shear stresses can be calculated by using Newton's equation (equation ( 1)).…”
Section: Description Of the New Techniquementioning
The assessment of flow along a vaulted wall (with two main finite radii of curvature) is of general interest; in biofluid mechanics, it is of special interest. Unlike the geometry of flows in engineering, flow geometry in nature is often determined by vaulted walls. Specifically the flow adjacent to the wall of blood vessels is particularly interesting since this is where either thrombi are formed or atherosclerosis develops. Current measurement methods have problems assessing the flow along vaulted walls. In contrast with conventional particle image velocimetry (PIV), this new method, called wall PIV, allows the investigation of a flow adjacent to transparent flexible surfaces with two finite radii of curvature. Using an optical method which allows the observation of particles up to a predefined depth enables the visualization solely of the boundary layer flow. This is accomplished by adding a specific dye to the fluid which absorbs the monochromatic light used to illuminate the region of observation. The obtained images can be analysed with the methods of conventional PIV and result in a vector field of the velocities along the wall. With wall PIV, the steady flow adjacent to the vaulted wall of a blood pump was investigated and the resulting velocity field as well as the velocity fluctuations were assessed.
“…This allows to measure 3D velocity from Equation (13). Pictures from [15] where use was made of the fact that the diffusion tensor D is a symmetric tensor, that…”
Section: Diffusion Of Brightnessmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…By generalizing the concept of parametric affine motion models to 3D flow fields, it is possible to estimate the wall shear rate directly [15] as shown in Figure 2.…”
Abstract. In this chapter, a framework will be presented for measuring and modeling transport processes using novel visualization techniques and extended optical flow techniques for digital image sequence analysis. In this way, parameters besides the 2-D xy velocity components can be extracted concurrently from the acquired 2-D image sequences, such as wall shear rates and momentum transport close to boundaries, diffusion coefficients, and depth z in addition to the z velocity components. Depending on the application, particularly the temporal regularization can be enhanced, leading to stabilization of results and reduction of spatial regularization. This is frequently of high importance for flows close to boundaries. Results from applications will be presented from the fields of environmental and life sciences as well as from engineering.
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