Direct elisa for estrone measurement in the feces of sows: Prospects for rapid, sow-side pregnancy diagnosis

Vos, E.A.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(96)00179-3

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In recent years, the measurement of the steroid hormone concentration in feces has been reported to be a useful diagnostic tool for wild animals [8,10,12,19,21,26] and pigs [1,2,7,13,20,25], blood collection from which is especially difficult.…”

Section: Extraction Of E1s: E1s Was Extracted From Fecal Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Estrone Sulfate Profile in Sows during Gestation.

Ohtaki

Moriyoshi

Nakada

et al. 1999

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to establish radioimmunoassay (RIA) for fecal estrone sulfate (E1S) and to elucidate changes in fecal E1S during pregnancy in the sow. Fecal E1S was extracted on a commercially available solid phase column, and the E1S fraction obtained was subjected to RIA. The sensitivity of the RIA was 8.5 pg/tube. The intra-and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 8.8-8.9% and 10.7-14.2%, respectively. Mean recovery for E1S added to fecal samples was as high as 95.0%. A significant positive correlation (r=0.904, n=147 p<0.0001) existed between fecal and plasma E1S concentrations. Mean E1S concentration in feces and plasma fluctuated exhibiting two peaks. The first peak of E1S concentration was evident on days 28-32 in feces and on days 26-30 in plasma. The E1S concentration in both feces and plasma remained at baseline levels during mid-pregnancy, but began to rise gradually around days 72-82 and 70-80, in feces and plasma respectively, and reached a peak concentration on days 110-114. Following parturition, the concentration of E1S in plasma declined rapidly, but there was a two-day delay before a decline in fecal E1S. Apart from this two-day delay, changes in fecal E1S were similar to those in plasma E1S. The study indicates that the measurement of E1S in feces could be a useful tool for early pregnancy diagnosis and for monitoring fetal development in sows and gilts.-KEY WORDS: estrone sulfate, feces, pregnancy, radioimmunoassay, sow.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 61(6): 661-665, 1999 our department were used for the present study. The sows were artificially inseminated on the first day of estrus. Fecal samples were collected from each sow at intervals of two days during pregnancy, as described previously by Moriyoshi et al. [13]. Briefly, a plastic glove for rectal examination was worn on the hand which was inserted into the rectum of sows. An appropriate amount of impacted feces was taken from the rectum and immediately aliquoted in 2 g amounts. The aliquots were put into plastic test tubes each containing 8 ml of 0.01 M phosphate buffer with 0.1% of bovine serum albumin (BSA; albumin, bovine fraction V, Sigma-Chemicals Co., St. Louis, U.S.A), and then taken back to the laboratory. After thoroughly shaking on a Direct Mix TS-50 (Thermal Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd., Japan), the solution was centrifuged at 1,700 × g for 15 min, and the supernatant was frozen at 20°C as the fecal solution until assayed for E1S. Immediately after fecal collection, blood samples were also collected from the median tail vein into heparinized test tubes. Plasma was separated by immediate centrifugation (1,700 × g, 15 min) and kept frozen at 20°C until assayed for E1S. In order to use as E1S standard for fecal samples, E1S-free feces were collected from 5 castrated boars. The E1S-free fecal solutions prepared as described above were pooled. Preparation of standard fecal E1S solution: Fecal samples were collected from 5 castrated boars and the fecal solutions prepared were pooled as described above. These were used fo...

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Section: Extraction Of E1s: E1s Was Extracted From Fecal Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Estrone Sulfate Profile in Sows during Gestation.

Ohtaki

Moriyoshi

Nakada

et al. 1999

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Therefore, this suggests that both concentrations changed in a parallel manner. Several researchers have developed systems to measure progesterone using an antibody against progesterone itself, but few researchers have done so with its metabolites [4,17]. Establishment of the present assay using progesterone antibody in the feces enables use of a method that is more practical and useful for giraffe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is followed by gradual increase as parturition approaches (day 114) [5,[19][20][21]. Therefore, early pregnancy diagnosis is possible in the pig by measuring the plasma and fecal estrone and estrone sulfate concentrations around day 25 [4,5,22]. S i m i l a r l y , m e a s u r e m e n t o f t h e e s t r o n e concentration around days 30 to 120 may be a useful tool in diagnosing pregnancy in the giraffe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fecal Progestagen and Estrone During Pregnancy in a Giraffe: A Case Report

Isobe

Nakao

Shimada

et al. 2007

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The present study was carried out to measure fecal progestagen and estrone concentrations during pregnancy in a giraffe and examine the possibility of utilizing this assay system for pregnancy diagnosis. Fecal samples were collected from a giraffe during her third and fourth parities and mixed with methanol to prepare a fecal solution. Diluted fecal solution was used for direct enzyme immunoassay for progestagen and estrone. The newborn calf from the third parity was viable, although that from the fourth parity died 5 days after calving. In the third parity, the giraffe's progestagen and estrone concentrations increased transiently from days 30 to 120 of pregnancy. Then, they decreased and remained low until day 330. This was followed by a drastic rise in both concentrations as parturition approached. Parturition caused a reduction in the progestagen and estrone concentrations of the feces. In the fourth parity, the progestagen concentration increased gradually after mating until day 320. This was followed by a reduction in the concentration until parturition. However, the estrone concentration fluctuated, and the duration and extent of the prepartum rise in concentration were shorter and lower than those of the third parity. The hormone dynamics of the third parity suggest the possibility of early pregnancy diagnosis by measuring progestagen or estrone between days 30 and 120 after mating.

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“…These problems can be overcome by using feces to measure the steroid hormone level. Fecal progestagen (progesterone and its metabolites) analyses have been used to diagnose pregnancy in sows [5], cows [6] and primates [7], and to monitor ovarian function in sows [8,9], beef cattle [10], baboons [11] and black rhinoceroses [12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in Fecal Progestagen Profile After Excretion in Miniature Pigs

Yanai

Yamashiro

Isobe

et al. 2007

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the fecal progestagen (progesterone and its metabolites) levels of miniature pigs would change after excretion at room temperature. Our initial investigation focused on the correlations between the fecal progestagen concentrations with and without ether extraction and between the plasma progesterone and fecal progestagen concentrations in order to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for fecal progestagen without ether extraction. There were significant correlations between fecal progestagen concentrations with and without ether extraction (r=0.880) and between fecal progestagen concentrations without ether extraction and plasma progesterone (r=0.763). The fecal progestagen concentration obtained by ELISA without ether extraction was almost identical to that obtained with ether extraction. These results validate the ELISA method without ether extraction, which was therefore used for the latter experiment. Fecal samples collected from the pigs were preserved for 0-24 h at room temperature, and then their fecal progestagen concentrations were measured. The fecal samples preserved for 0 to 24 h were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ELISA. The concentrations of all samples significantly increased with time after preservation. The progestagen concentration of fresh feces (0 h) with high progestagen concentration (>1000 ng/g) increased significantly after 3 h. The concentration increased significantly after 12 h for fresh feces containing about 500 ng/g progestagen. HPLC analysis is showed that the fecal progesterone concentration, but not its other metabolites, doubled 24 h after excretion compared with the concentration at 0 h. These results suggest that dynamic changes in the profile of progesterone metabolites occur in feces after excretion.

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Direct elisa for estrone measurement in the feces of sows: Prospects for rapid, sow-side pregnancy diagnosis

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Fecal Estrone Sulfate Profile in Sows during Gestation.

Fecal Estrone Sulfate Profile in Sows during Gestation.

Fecal Progestagen and Estrone During Pregnancy in a Giraffe: A Case Report

Changes in Fecal Progestagen Profile After Excretion in Miniature Pigs

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