Direct Effect of Vitamin A on Boar Testis

Palludan, B.

doi:10.1038/211639a0

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ahluwalia and Bieri (1970) reported observing degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules of rat testes caused by consuming a diet deficient in vitamin A. The same condition was also observed in Danish Landrace boars by Palludan (1966). No degenerated areas in the testes were found in this study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Effect of Vitamin A and Protein Levels on Growth and Semen Quality of Turkeys

1977

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Effect of Vitamin A and Protein Levels on Growth and Semen Quality of Turkeys

1977

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“…Vitamin A has a direct localized effect on the normal differentiation of the testicular germinal epithelium (Palludan, 1966;Ahluwalia & Bieri, 1970 The semen was thawed and 10-0 ml were centrifuged at 4000 g for 20 min at 4°C. The seminal plasma was discarded and the pellet containing sperma¬ tozoa was washed twice with 5 ml of 0-9% saline at room temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin a in Bovine Sperm Acrosomes

Gambhir¹,

Ahluwalia²

1975

Reproduction

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The semen was thawed and 10-0 ml were centrifuged at 4000 g for 20 min at 4°C. The seminal plasma was discarded and the pellet containing sperma¬ tozoa was washed twice with 5 ml of 0-9% saline at room temperature. The con¬ tents were centrifuged at 4000 g· for 10 min each time. The washed spermatozoa were suspended in 2-0 ml physiological saline and an aliquot was used to observe microscopically any structural damage to the spermatozoa. No obvious damage to the spermatozoa was detected. The suspension containing spermatozoa was * Reprint requests to Dr Ahluwalia. 129

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“…Numerous investigators have employed i t . injections to study a variety of agents or phenomena [eg, Squire et al, 1963;Palludan, 1966;Ahluwalia and Bieri, 1971;BellvC et al, 1975;McCollough, 1975;Rattner, 1970;Soderstrom, 1977;Huang et al, 1978;Monesi et al, 1978;Handel, 1979;O'Brien and BellvC, 1980;Das et al, 1982;Kramer and Erickson, 1982;Dalterio et al, 1983;Head et al, 1983;Wiebe and Barr, 1983a,b;Hecht et al, 1984;Turner et al, 19841, but the acceptability of such a method may be questioned, since little is known about the method or whether it intrinsically damages the testis or even if, and how, it works. The present study was designed to optimize the technique of i.t.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intratesticular injection as a method to assess the potential toxicity of various agents and to study mechanisms of normal spermatogenesis

1987

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To better understand, to optimize, and to validate the technique of intratesticular (i.t.) injection, several parameters related to i.t. injection were examined. Volumes exceeding 50 microliters could be injected i.t.; however, testes frequently became excessively turgid and backflow of injected fluids occurred. Thus, a volume of 50 microliters or less was deemed optimal for injection. To determine the rate of distribution of substances throughout the testis, trypan blue was injected i.t. near the caudal pole of the testis, and the movement of dye was monitored. Within 2 min, the dye had spread approximately 1 cm from the site of injection, and in 5 min it had spread twice that distance. In 2 h, the dye had become distributed throughout the testis except at its extreme cranial pole. Seminiferous tubules did not take up dye, indicating that the spread of dye was via peritubular lymphatics. Seminiferous tubule histology appeared virtually unaffected by i.t. injection, even at regions adjacent to the site of injection, when a sterile 26-gauge or smaller bore needle was utilized. To determine disappearance from the testis, radiolabeled inulin was injected i.t. Half time for absorption was achieved at 1.75 h. Potential vehicles were explored in which compounds with a variety of physical properties could be injected. Gum tragacanth, normal saline, ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixed 1:1 with normal saline, sesame oil, and propylene glycol were found to be suitable injection vehicles, whereas ethanol, dissolved in normal saline in concentrations as low as 0.5% was found unsuitable. To assess vehicle efficiency, various vehicles were utilized with a known testicular toxin (taxol) and injected into one testis, and the histology was compared with the contralateral testis injected with vehicle alone. All vehicles, found suitable above, allowed dispersion of taxol to influence areas distant from the site of injection. Intratesticular injection assesses the potential of agents to directly affect the testis, and systemic metabolism is avoided. Their rapid spread throughout the lymphatics of the testes allows seminiferous tubules to be exposed to agents in innocuous vehicles more rapidly and in higher concentration than is often possible when using systemic injections.

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Direct Effect of Vitamin A on Boar Testis

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of Vitamin A and Protein Levels on Growth and Semen Quality of Turkeys

Effect of Vitamin A and Protein Levels on Growth and Semen Quality of Turkeys

Vitamin a in Bovine Sperm Acrosomes

Intratesticular injection as a method to assess the potential toxicity of various agents and to study mechanisms of normal spermatogenesis

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