Direct dimethyl ether fueling of a high temperature polymer fuel cell

Jensen, Jens Oluf; Vassiliev, Anton; Olsen, Mads; Li, Qingfeng; Pan, Chao; Cleemann, Lars; Steenberg, Thomas; Hjuler, Hans Aage; Bjerrum, Niels

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.03.039

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Dimethyl ether (DME), a widely used gas for aerosol propulsion, solvents, and coolants, has been investigated in the last decade as an alternative fuel for direct-feed fuel cells [1]. Complete oxidation of one DME molecule to CO 2 releases 12 electrons and, similar to the oxidation of methanol, does not require a C-C bond scission:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell with Much Improved Performance

Johnston

et al. 2014

Electrocatalysis

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Due to several apparent advantages over methanol, dimethyl ether (DME) has been viewed as a promising alternative fuel for direct fuel cell technology. Similar to methanol, DME oxidation requires a surface oxidant, such as OH, for the removal of adsorbed CO. Consequently, the reaction occurs at much faster rates on binary PtRu catalysts than Pt alone. In this work, PtRu catalysts with a wide variety of Pt-to-Ru ratios were systematically studied in the direct DME fuel cell (DDMEFC) operating at 80°C. A Pt 50 Ru 50 catalyst was found to perform the best at high and middle voltages, while a Pt 80 Ru 20 catalyst performed best at low voltages. DDMEFC operation conditions, such as DME flow rate, anode back pressure, DME-to-water molar ratio, and membrane thickness, were also studied in order to maximize the cell performance. A maximum power density of 0.12 W cm −2 obtained in this work exceeds the highest reported DME performance.In comparison with the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), the optimized DDMEFC performs better at cell voltages higher than 0.55 and 0.49 V with feed concentrations of methanol of 0.5 and 1.0 M, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell with Much Improved Performance

Johnston

et al. 2014

Electrocatalysis

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“…It has also been used with direct methanol fuelling [3]. If a HT-PEMFC is fed with a vapor mixture of water and DME, the phase separation problem is no longer present and any desired DME-water molar ratio can be applied [4]. Moreover, crossover should be less than for methanol due to the less polar character and thus lower solubility of DME as compared with methanol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Direct DME High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell

Vassiliev

Jensen

et al. 2013

ECS Trans.

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Dimethyl ether (DME) has been identified as an alternative to methanol for use in direct fuel cells. It combines the advantages of hydrogen in terms of pumpless fuel delivery and high energy density like methanol, but without the toxicity of the latter. The performance of a direct dimethyl ether fuel cell suffers greatly from the very low DME-water miscibility. To cope with the problem polybenzimidazole (PBI) based membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) have been made and tested in a vapor fed system. PtRu on carbon has been used as anode catalyst and air at ambient pressure was used as oxidant. A power density of 79 mW/cm² has been achieved at 200 {degree sign}C.

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“…Dimethyl ether is less toxic than methanol. Under ambient conditions, dimethyl ether exists as a gas; some studies used it in gas state as a fuel 162,163 . A unique feature of dimethyl ether is that it can be used in liquid state for fuel cells to be operated 164 .…”

Section: Class Of Dlfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

et al. 2021

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Summary Direct liquid fuel cell (DLFC) is one of the leading fuel cell types due to their great features of superior energy density, modest configuration, small size in fuel container, immediate boosting, and effortless storage and carriage. Commercially used liquid fuel types are prepared using alcohols, such as methanol or ethanol, glycol, and acids. DLFCs face great challenges although they are potentially far‐reaching depending on the expensive catalysts and the use of high‐loading catalyst. More questions that should be addressed to ensure excellent DLFC performance include cathode flooding, fuel crossover, numerous side yield production, fuel security, and unverified elongated‐duration robustness. Further studies need to be carried out to ensure the continuous improvement of the quality of DLFCs' performance and their penetration in the commercial market. To date, direct liquid fuel cells made of methanol and ethanol have been successfully produced in commercial scale, but other types of DLFCs are still under study. In this review, introduction to DLFC will be discussed by covering work and commercialization as well as recent progress and challenges encountered.

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Direct dimethyl ether fueling of a high temperature polymer fuel cell

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Direct Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell with Much Improved Performance

Direct Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell with Much Improved Performance

A Direct DME High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

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