Direct differentiation of whole blood for forensic serology analysis by thread spray mass spectrometry

Jackson, Sierra; Frey, Benjamin S; Bates, Maia N; Swiner, Devin J.; Badu‐Tawiah, Abraham K.

doi:10.1039/d0an00857e

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Thread spray is a recently developed technique in which a high voltage is applied to a single fabric thread, inducing electrospray directly from the tip of the thread (Figure 2). Numerous large biological molecules could be detected that were indicative of blood, including hemoglobin, demonstrating the possibility of performing rapid analyses of stained fabrics to confirm the presence of blood 68 . Furthermore, variations in lipid profiles were detected in human, horse, and canine blood, indicating the potential to determine whether or not a bloodstain is of human origin (Figure 2).…”

Section: Applications Of Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2020: An annual review

Rankin‐Turner

Heaney

2021

Analytical Science Advances

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Recent developments in mass spectrometry (MS) analyses have seen a concerted effort to reduce the complexity of analytical workflows through the simplification (or removal) of sample preparation and the shortening of run‐to‐run analysis times. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) is an exemplar MS‐based technology that has swiftly developed into a popular and powerful tool in analytical science. This increase in interest and demonstrable applications is down to its capacity to enable the rapid analysis of a diverse range of samples, typically in their native state or following a minimalistic sample preparation approach. The field of AIMS is constantly improving and expanding, with developments of powerful and novel techniques, improvements to existing instrumentation, and exciting new applications added with each year that passes. This annual review provides an overview of applications of AIMS techniques over the past year (2020), with a particular focus on the application of AIMS in a number of key fields of research including biomedical sciences, forensics and security, food sciences, the environment, and chemical synthesis. Novel ambient ionization techniques are introduced, including picolitre pressure‐probe electrospray ionization and fiber spray ionization, in addition to modifications and improvements to existing techniques such as hand‐held devices for ease of use, and USB‐powered ion sources for on‐site analysis. In all, the information provided in this review supports the view that AIMS has become a leading approach in MS‐based analyses and that improvements to existing methods, alongside the development of novel approaches, will continue across the foreseeable future.

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Section: Applications Of Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2020: An annual review

Rankin‐Turner

Heaney

2021

Analytical Science Advances

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“…However, the majority of standard methods and well-used approaches such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) require destructive extraction, modification and preconcentration techniques to be employed before analysis. 1,13 Ambient ionization MS methods are capable of analysing samples in-situ with minimal sample preparation and have been used both to identify biofluids 14,15 and to detect specific targeted compounds present in biofluids, including drug compounds 16,17 and disease biomarkers. 17,18 Probe electrospray ionization (PESI), a method developed by Hiraoka et al at the University of Yamanishi in Japan, 19 is a particularly valuable method for forensic biofluid analysis as it requires no sample preparation and has short analysis times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a rapid, in‐situ analysis method using sheath‐flow probe electrospray ionisation‐mass spectrometry for the direct identification of cocaine metabolites in dried blood spots

Kim

Kelly

Turner

et al. 2022

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Small amounts of biofluid samples are frequently found at crime scenes, however existing gold standard methods such as LC-MS frequently require destructive extraction of the sample before a time-consuming analysis which puts strain on forensic analysis providers and can preclude further sample analysis. This study presents the application of Sheath Flow Probe Electrospray Ionization -Mass Spectrometry (sfPESI-MS) to the direct analysis of drug metabolites in dried blood spots as a high throughput, minimally destructive alternative. METHODS:A rapid direct analysis method using a sfPESI ionisation source coupled to an Orbitrap Exactive mass spectrometer was applied to detect cocaine metabolites (benzoylecgonine, BZE, cocaethylene, CE, and ecgonine methyl ester, EME) from dried blood spots. An optimisation study exploring the use of different chemical modifiers (formic acid and sodium acetate) in the sfPESI probe extraction solvent was conducted to enhance the sensitivity and reproducibility of the sfPESI-MS method. RESULTS:Optimization of the extraction solvent significantly enhanced the sensitivity and reproducibility of the sfPESI-MS method. A quantitative response over a 5-point calibration range 0.5 to 10 µg/mL was obtained for benzoylecgonine (R 2 = 0.9979) and cocaethylene (R 2 = 0.9948). Limits-of-detection (LoD) of 1.31, 0.29 and 0.15 µg/mL were achieved for EME, BZE and CE respectively from 48-hour aged dried blood spots with % RSD across the calibration range ranging between 19 -28 % for [BZE+H] + , 13 -21 % for [CE+H] + and 12 -29 % for [EME+H] + .

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“…Our previous studies on thread spray − all focused on non-reactive spray conditions. This is our first report focusing on implementation of an APCI-based mechanism in thread spray.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reactive Thread Spray Mass Spectrometry for Localization of C═C Bonds in Free Fatty Acids: Applications for Obesity Diagnosis

et al. 2022

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Cellulose thread substrates offer a platform for microsampling and reactive ionization of free fatty acid (FFA) isomers for direct differentiation by mass spectrometry. Ambient corona discharge forms when direct current high voltage is applied to the tiny subfibers on the thread substrate in the presence of a polar spray solvent (MeOH/H2O, 2:1, v/v), facilitating chemical reactions across a CC bond of unsaturated fatty acids. The process was applied for diagnosis of obesity, which we observed to show better discriminatory power when compared to determinations based on body mass index. Overall, the integrated reactive thread-based platform is capable of (i) microsampling and dry-state, room-temperature storage (>30 days) of the biofluids, (ii) in-capillary liquid/liquid extraction, and (iii) in situ epoxidation reactions to locate the CC bond position in unsaturated fatty acids via reactions with reactive oxygen species present in ambient corona discharge. The study showcased the ability to correctly characterize FFAs, including degree of unsaturation, and the determination of their relative concentrations in clinical biofluid samples.

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Direct differentiation of whole blood for forensic serology analysis by thread spray mass spectrometry

Abstract:
Direct analysis of whole blood on bloodstained textiles is achieved with thread spray mass spectrometry (MS).

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2020: An annual review

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2020: An annual review

Development of a rapid, in‐situ analysis method using sheath‐flow probe electrospray ionisation‐mass spectrometry for the direct identification of cocaine metabolites in dried blood spots

Reactive Thread Spray Mass Spectrometry for Localization of C═C Bonds in Free Fatty Acids: Applications for Obesity Diagnosis

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Direct differentiation of whole blood for forensic serology analysis by thread spray mass spectrometry

Abstract: Direct analysis of whole blood on bloodstained textiles is achieved with thread spray mass spectrometry (MS).

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2020: An annual review

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2020: An annual review

Development of a rapid, in‐situ analysis method using sheath‐flow probe electrospray ionisation‐mass spectrometry for the direct identification of cocaine metabolites in dried blood spots

Reactive Thread Spray Mass Spectrometry for Localization of C═C Bonds in Free Fatty Acids: Applications for Obesity Diagnosis

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Abstract:
Direct analysis of whole blood on bloodstained textiles is achieved with thread spray mass spectrometry (MS).