Direct Deposition and Assembly of Gold Colloidal Particles Using a Nanofountain Probe

Wu, Bin; Ho, Andrea M.; Moldovan, N.; Espinosa, Horacio D.

doi:10.1021/la7011952

Cited by 49 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Examples are the direct deposition of gold nanoparticles (26) and DNA (27) with resolution up to 100 nm. Direct deposition in solution (e.g., buffer) is especially significant when patterning proteins, whose function can be highly sensitive to their environment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electric field-induced direct delivery of proteins by a nanofountain probe

Loh¹,

Ho²,

Rim³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We report nanofabrication of protein dot and line patterns using a nanofountain atomic force microscopy probe (NFP). Biomolecules are continuously fed in solution through an integrated microfluidic system, and deposited directly onto a substrate. Deposition is controlled by application of an electric potential of appropriate sign and magnitude between the probe reservoir and substrate. Submicron dot and line molecular patterns were generated with resolution that depended on the magnitude of the applied voltage, dwell time, and writing speed. By using an energetic argument and a Kelvin condensation model, the quasi-equilibrium liquid-air interface at the probe tip was determined. The analysis revealed the origin of the need for electric fields in achieving protein transport to the substrate and confirmed experimental observations suggesting that pattern resolution is controlled by tip sharpness and not overall probe aperture. As such, the NFP combines the highresolution of dip-pen nanolithography with the efficient continuous liquid feeding of micropipettes while allowing scalability to 1-and 2D probe arrays for high throughput.arrays ͉ atomic force microscopy ͉ nanolithography ͉ patterning ͉ nanofabrication

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric field-induced direct delivery of proteins by a nanofountain probe

Loh¹,

Ho²,

Rim³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Many of the DPN approaches concern the patterning of metal nanoparticles, in particular functionalised Au nanoparticles, for sensing or bio-recognition applications. 66,73,[105][106][107] Although interesting for the varied approaches used to effect ink-transfer (e.g. ink-substrate hyrophobicity, nanografting etc), the presence of insulating capping agents precludes many of these strategies from generating conductive lines.…”

Section: Bioelectronic Materials Deposited By Afm Nanoprintingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

et al. 2015

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The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore unrealised experiments in the response of living cells to tailored nano-environments. We firstly introduce bioelectronics, followed by a survey of different lithography methods and their use to achieve paradigmic bioelectronic architectures. We then focus on dip-pen nanolithography, highlighting the range of bioelectronic materials and biomolecules which can be deposited using the technique, as well as its demonstrated use as a lithography tool in nano-biology. We discuss the progress made towards upscaling the DPN technology towards larger areas, in particular via the polymer pen approach. The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore u...

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“…However, metal surfaces are not desirable for many of applications in electronics, photonics and sensing [69][70][71][72][73][74] . Therefore, there have been studies to deposit metal nanoparticles as dots or lines of clusters on various substrates using DPN or other AFM-based methods [74][75][76][77][78][79][80] . Ben Ali et al 77) directly positioned gold nanoclusters on a silica surface by first depositing a small volume of solution of the clusters using DPN, then letting the solvent evaporate.…”

Section: Dip-pen Nanolithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A microfluidic nanofountain probe has been developed for continuous feeding of the ink. With this approach, Wu et al 80) fabricated arrays of 200-nm-diameter dots with gold nanoparticles and Taha et al 74) did arrays of 100-nm-wide lines. However, unlike other small molecule-based inks, it is still relatively difficult to make AFM tips coated uniformly with metal nanoparticles because of their large size 81) , and, consequently, it is difficult to obtain a uniform nanoparticle array with a controlled number of particles using DPN 82) .…”

Section: Dip-pen Nanolithographymentioning

confidence: 99%