Direct coupling of SiPMs to scintillator tiles for imaging calorimetry and triggering

Abstract

Abstract-The recent availability of blue sensitive silicon photomultipliers allows the direct readout of blue emitting plastic scintillator tiles without the use of a wavelength shifting fiber. Such directly read out tiles, without light guides, are attractive for the use in highly granular calorimeters that use large numbers of individual cells and in other applications where very compact designs are needed. However, the total signal amplitude and the uniformity of the response can be problematic in such cases. We have developed a scanning setup to investigate the response of scintillator tiles with SiPM readout in detail. It was used to develop optimized scintillator tile geometries for highly granular hadronic calorimetry at future colliders and to investigate the feasibility of a SiPM readout for the trigger of the ATLAS ALFA luminosity detectors. We report on results obtained with specialized scintillator tile geometries, discuss first results obtained with directly coupled SiPM readout of the ATLAS ALFA trigger tiles and introduce the application of fiberless readout in an experiment to study the time structure of hadronic showers.

Silicon photomultipliers for high energy physics detectors

“…With this design a calorimeter cell offers a detection efficiency for single minimum ionizing particles of 95% with noise hit probability of 10 −4 above threshold. An optimized design of the calorimeter basic unit, the tile, is proposed in [23] (see figure 8), where blue-sensitive SiPMs are directly coupled to plastic scintillators without a WLS fiber. To achieve satisfactory uniformity of response over the tile surface a special shaping of the coupling position has been developed.…”

Performance of scintillating tiles with direct silicon-photomultiplier (SiPM) readout for application to large area detectors

“…Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) ) [1] provide advantageous properties such as good timing, compactness, and high Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE). Scintillating tiles with direct SiPM readout, pioneered for application in hadron calorimeters for electron-positron colliders [2,3], allow compact detectors with high granularity and good time resolution to be built.…”

Performance of scintillating tiles with direct silicon-photomultiplier (SiPM) readout for application to large area detectors

“…Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) ) [1] provide advantageous properties such as good timing, compactness, and high Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE). Scintillating tiles with direct SiPM readout, pioneered for application in hadron calorimeters for electron-positron colliders [2] [3], allow compact detectors with high granularity and good time resolution to be built.…”