Direct combinatorial interaction between a herpes simplex virus regulatory protein and a cellular octamer-binding factor mediates specific induction of virus immediate-early gene expression.

O’Hare, Peter; Goding, Colin R.; Haigh, Alison

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03320.x

Cited by 143 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…A cis-acting sequence, TAATGARAT (R = purine), is found at least once in all of these immediate-early gene promoters and is required for Vmw65 transactivation (26). Vmw65, however, does not bind DNA directly and has recently been shown to require complex formation with an octamer-binding protein very similar to, if not identical with, OTF-1 in order to exert its activity (11,19,30,31,36,49). The octamer-binding protein binds the TAATGARAT sequence but cannot transactivate these promoters without the presence of Vmw65.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ubiquitous octamer-binding protein(s) is sufficient for transcription of immunoglobulin genes.

Johnson¹,

Carayannopoulos²,

Capra³

et al. 1990

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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All immunoglobulin genes contain a conserved octanucleotide promoter element, ATGCAAAT, which has been shown to be required for their normal B-cell-specific transcription. Proteins that bind this octamer have been purified, and cDNAs encoding octamer-binding proteins have been cloned. Some of these proteins (referred to as OTF-2) are lymphoid specific, whereas at least one other, and possibly more (referred to as OTF-1), is found ubiquitously in all cell types. The exact role of these different proteins in directing the tissue-specific expression of immunoglobulin genes is unclear. We have identified two human pre-B-cell lines that contain extremely low levels of OTF-2 yet still express high levels of steady-state immunoglobulin heavy-chain mRNA in vivo and efficiently transcribe an immunoglobulin gene in vitro. Addition of a highly enriched preparation of OTF-1 made from one of these pre-B cells or from HeLa cells specifically stimulated in vitro transcription of an immunoglobulin gene. Furthermore, OFT-1 appeared to have approximately the same transactivation ability as OTF-2 when normalized for binding activity. These results suggest that OTF-1, without OTF-2, is sufficient for transcription of immunoglobulin genes and that OTF-2 alone is not responsible for the B-cell-specific regulation of immunoglobulin gene expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ubiquitous octamer-binding protein(s) is sufficient for transcription of immunoglobulin genes.

Johnson¹,

Carayannopoulos²,

Capra³

et al. 1990

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…Electrophoretic Mobility Shift and Methylation Interference AssaysOligonucleotides used as probes or competitors were as follows: 28 bp (bp Ϫ862 to Ϫ835 of the rat aldolase C gene (7); for the rat aldolase C sequences, base pairs are numbered with respect to the ATG translation initiator), 5Ј-ATGCTATTTAAATAAAGTGTATTTAATG-3Ј; 28mut (representing the 28-bp sequence mutated at positions Ϫ854 (T 3 G) and Ϫ853 (A 3 C)), 5Ј-ATGCTATTGCAATAAAGTGTATTTAATG-3Ј; box C site (bp Ϫ117 to Ϫ96 of the rat aldolase C gene), 5Ј-TGCTGCT-GCCTTATTTACTCCA-3Ј; site 524 (bp Ϫ524 to Ϫ497 of the rat aldolase C gene), 5Ј-GAAACTCAAATCCATTATTCCATGCCTTGAA-3Ј; site 824 (bp Ϫ824 to Ϫ803 of the rat aldolase C gene), 5Ј-GTCCACTGAATCT-AATTTTGGG-3Ј; Oct (representing the Oct-1-binding site of a herpes simplex virus immediate-early gene promoter (22)), 5Ј-GCATGCTAAT-GATATTCTTT-3Ј; CRH II (bp Ϫ134 to Ϫ113 of the corticotropin-releasing hormone gene promoter (23)), 5Ј-TGCTCCTGCATAAATAATAGG-GCCCT-3Ј; HNF-3 (bp Ϫ111 to Ϫ90 of the mouse transthyretin gene promoter (24)), 5Ј-GTTGACTAAGTCAATAATCAGA-3Ј; and Sp1 (sequence derived from the SV40 enhancer (25)), 5Ј-GCATAACTCCGCC-CAGTTAG-3Ј.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the ubiquitous complex x/xЈ and the brain-specific complexes y and z, but not the liver complex u, were totally displaced by the Oct oligonucleotide (Fig. 2, A and B, lanes 4), containing the Oct-1-binding site TAATGARAT of a herpes simplex virus immediate-early gene promoter (22,32). The CRH II oligonucleotide, matching with the preferential affinity consensus sequence CATnTAAT for the class III POU proteins (23), was also able to abolish formation of complexes x, y, and z with brain extracts (Fig.…”

Section: A Conserved 28-bp Element In the 06-kb Fragment Binds Both mentioning

confidence: 98%

Upstream Elements Involved in Vivo in Activation of the Brain-specific Rat Aldolase C Gene

Skala

Porteu

Thomas

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The rat aldolase C gene encodes a glycolytic enzyme strongly expressed in adult brain. We previously reported that a 115-base pair (bp) promoter fragment was able to ensure the brain-specific expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene in transgenic mice, but only at a low level (Thomas, M., Makeh, I., Briand, P., Kahn, A., and Skala, H. (1993) Eur. J. Biochem. 218, 143-151). Here we show that in vivo activation of this promoter at a high level requires cooperation between an upstream 0.6-kilobase pair (kb) fragment and far upstream sequences. In the 0.6-kb region, a 28-bp DNA element is shown to include overlapping in vitro binding sites for POU domain regulatory proteins and for the Winged Helix hepatocyte nuclear factor-3␤ factor. An hepatocyte nuclear factor-3␤-binding site previously described in the short proximal promoter fragment is also shown to interact in vitro with POU proteins, although with a lower affinity than the 28-bp motif. Additional binding sites for POU factors were detected in the upstream 0.6-kb sequences. Progressive deletion in this region resulted in decreased expression levels of the transgenes in mice, suggesting synergistic interactions between these multiple POUbinding sites. We propose that DNA elements characterized by a dual binding specificity for both POU domain and Winged Helix transcription factors could play an essential role in the brain-specific expression of the aldolase C gene and other neuronal genes.

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“…This region possesses a TAAT-GARATTC consensus motif which is the binding site for the VmW65-multiprotein complex (O'Hare et al, 1988), as well as a TATA box and CCCGCCC motif. Located further upstream is the Oris which contains the 9 bp consensus sequence CGTTCGCAC at position -1612 that has been identified in both HSV-1 and VZV origins of replication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the binding site for the viral tegument protein VmW65 (also known as a-TIF and VP16) (Campbell et al, 1984;Preston et al, 1984). VmW65 does not attach directly to DNA (Marsden et al, 1987), but binds one or more host cellular factors (including Oct-l) to form a multiprotein complex IEC which interacts with TAATGARATTC (O'Hare et al, 1988;Preston et al, 1988). After interaction of the multiprotein complex with the cis-acting sequences upstream of the mRNA start site, the strongly acidic Cterminal 80 amino acids of VmW65 bind the transcription complex and enhance transcription Sadowski et al, 1988;Cousens et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and control of the cis-acting elements of the immediate early gene of equid herpesvirus type 1

Purewal

Smallwood²,

Kaushal³

et al. 1992

Journal of General Virology

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Consensus cis-acting DNA sequences upstream of the immediate early (IE) gene of equid herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1, strain Ab4) were identified. One copy of the conserved motif TAATGARATTC, which is the binding site for the host cellular factor Oct-1 and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-I) virion protein, VmW65, complex, was identified at positions -630 to -620. Using transient transfections and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assays the IE promoter of EHV-1 was shown to be trans-activated by VmW65 within the region -685 to +73. Ultraviolet light-inactivated EHV-1 was able to stimulate the expression of the IE gene of EHV-1 as well as HSV-1, indicating that EHV-1 possesses a protein equivalent to VmW65. The ubiquitous equid herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2), which is not known to be a primary pathogen, was also able to trans-activate the EHV-1 and HSV-1 IE genes. Further work is being performed in order to identify the nature of the EHV-1 and EHV-2 trans-activating proteins.

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Direct combinatorial interaction between a herpes simplex virus regulatory protein and a cellular octamer-binding factor mediates specific induction of virus immediate-early gene expression.

Cited by 143 publications

References 62 publications

The ubiquitous octamer-binding protein(s) is sufficient for transcription of immunoglobulin genes.

The ubiquitous octamer-binding protein(s) is sufficient for transcription of immunoglobulin genes.

Upstream Elements Involved in Vivo in Activation of the Brain-specific Rat Aldolase C Gene

Identification and control of the cis-acting elements of the immediate early gene of equid herpesvirus type 1

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