Direct assessment of health impacts on hospital admission from traffic intensity in Madrid

Navares, Ricardo; Díaz, Julio; Aznarte, José Luis; Linares, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109254

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thus, the relation between air pollution and emergency hospital admissions is different, suggesting an urban/suburban areas effect [74], where the core urban region has a greater number of associations and many of the top effects, as is indicated to happen with Lisbon in the LMA region. Following many other international findings, this also suggests that higher exposure to traffic is closely related to higher numbers of admissions in the observed diseases [28,109,110]. Ultimately, the vulnerability to air pollution accessed (see the synthesis presented in Table 3) is coherent with the findings, as greater vulnerability conduces to more and higher impacts on population health.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Air Pollution and Emergency Hospital Admissions—Evidences from Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal

et al. 2020

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The relevance of air pollution in the public health agenda has recently been reinforced—it is known that exposure to it has negative effects in the health of individuals, especially in big cities and metropolitan areas. In this article we observed the evolution of air pollutants (CO, NO, NO2, O3, PM10) emissions and we confront them with health vulnerabilities related to respiratory and circulatory diseases (all circulatory diseases, cardiac diseases, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, all respiratory diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, acute upper respiratory infections). The study is supported in two databases, one of air pollutants and the other of emergency hospital admissions, in the 2005–2015 period, applied to the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The analysis was conducted through Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, while also using semi-elasticity to quantify associations. Results showed positive associations between air pollutants and admissions, tendentially higher in respiratory diseases, with CO and O3 having the highest number of associations, and the senior age group being the most impacted. We concluded that O3 is a good predictor for the under-15 age group and PM10 for the over-64 age group; also, there seems to exist a distinction between the urban city core and its suburban areas in air pollution and its relation to emergency hospital admissions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Air Pollution and Emergency Hospital Admissions—Evidences from Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal

et al. 2020

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“…The time evolution of the concentrations of the pollutants analyzed, PM 10 and NO 2 , clearly showed a trend of decline, which could be explained by the restrictions on mobility that took place in Madrid after the declaration of the state of alarm on March 14. The decline observed in the concentrations of the pollutants in the last week of the study, compared to the first, were 34.5% for PM 10 and 66.8% for NO 2 , which shows the marked anthropic origin of the NO 2 in Madrid and the important natural origin component (including processes of resuspension) of PM 10 concentrations [ 25 ]. “Peaks” in PM 10 can be observed in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term associations of air pollution and meteorological variables on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in Madrid (Spain): a time series study

et al. 2021

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Background There are studies that analyze the role of meteorological variables on the incidence and severity of COVID-19, and others that explore the role played by air pollutants, but currently there are very few studies that analyze the impact of both effects together. This is the aim of the current study. We analyzed data corresponding to the period from February 1 to May 31, 2020 for the City of Madrid. As meteorological variables, maximum daily temperature (Tmax) in ºC and mean daily absolute humidity (AH) in g/m3 were used corresponding to the mean values recorded by all Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET) observatories in the Madrid region. Atmospheric pollutant data for PM10 and NO2 in µg/m3 for the Madrid region were provided by the Spanish Environmental Ministry (MITECO). Daily incidence, daily hospital admissions per 100.000 inhabitants, daily ICU admissions and daily death rates per million inhabitants were used as dependent variables. These data were provided by the ISCIII Spanish National Epidemiology Center. Generalized linear models with Poisson link were performed between the dependent and independent variables, controlling for seasonality, trend and the autoregressive nature of the series. Results The results of the single-variable models showed a negative association between Tmax and all of the dependent variables considered, except in the case of deaths, in which lower temperatures were associated with higher rates. AH also showed the same behavior with the COVID-19 variables analyzed and with the lags, similar to those obtained with Tmax. In terms of atmospheric pollutants PM10 and NO2, both showed a positive association with the dependent variables. Only PM10 was associated with the death rate. Associations were established between lags 12 and 21 for PM10 and between 0 and 28 for NO2, indicating a short-term association of NO2 with the disease. In the two-variable models, the role of NO2 was predominant compared to PM10. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that the environmental variables analyzed are related to the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in the Community of Madrid. In general, low temperatures and low humidity in the atmosphere affect the spread of the virus. Air pollution, especially NO2, is associated with a higher incidence and severity of the disease. The impact that these environmental factors are small (in terms of relative risk) and by themselves cannot explain the behavior of the incidence and severity of COVID-19.

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Does exposure to noise pollution influence the incidence and severity of COVID-19?

Díaz

Antonio-López-Bueno

Culqui

et al. 2021

Environmental Research

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Direct assessment of health impacts on hospital admission from traffic intensity in Madrid

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Air Pollution and Emergency Hospital Admissions—Evidences from Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal

Air Pollution and Emergency Hospital Admissions—Evidences from Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal

Short-term associations of air pollution and meteorological variables on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in Madrid (Spain): a time series study

Does exposure to noise pollution influence the incidence and severity of COVID-19?

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