Direct and indirect affection of the central nervous system by Fasciola infection

Mas‐Coma, Santiago; Agramunt, Veronica H.; Valero, M. Adela

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53490-3.00024-8

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As shown in Fig 4A, the predicted targets of hepatic DEmiRNAs induced by 4-week exposure to FgESPs in the mice were enriched in 15 neural activity-related pathways (listed in Table 2). Neurological fasciolosis has been widely reported [49,50], however, the mechanisms that trigger the neurological manifestations remain unknown. It is believed that the neurogenic disease (e.g., cephalalgias) is a consequence of neurovirulent damages induced by the erratic migration of the flukes in the nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of hepatic microRNA expression in C57BL/6 mice affected by excretory-secretory products of Fasciola gigantica

Shi

Mei

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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The excretory-secretory products released by the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica (FgESPs) play important roles in regulating the host immune response during the infection. Identification of hepatic miRNAs altered by FgESPs may improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of F. gigantica infection. In this study, we investigated the alterations in the hepatic microRNAs (miRNAs) in mice treated with FgESPs using high-throughput small RNA (sRNA) sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The expression of seven miRNAs was confirmed by quantitative stem-loop reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 1,313 miRNAs were identified in the liver of mice, and the differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs varied across the time lapsed post exposure to FgESPs. We identified 67, 154 and 53 dysregulated miRNAs at 1, 4 and 12 weeks post-exposure, respectively. 5 miRNAs (miR-126a-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p and miR-362-3p) were commonly dysregulated at the three time points. We also found that most of the DE miRNAs were induced by FgESPs in the mouse liver after 4 weeks of exposure. These were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, which showed that the predicted targets of the hepatic DE miRNAs of mice 4 weeks of FgESPs injection were enriched in GO terms, including cell membrane, ion binding, cellular communication, organelle and DNA damage. KEGG analysis indicated that the predicted targets of the most downregulated miRNAs were involved in 15 neural activity-related pathways, 6 digestion-related pathways, 20 immune response-related pathways and 17 cancer-related pathways. These data provide new insights into how FgESPs can dysregulate hepatic miRNAs, which play important roles in modulating several aspects of F. gigantica pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of hepatic microRNA expression in C57BL/6 mice affected by excretory-secretory products of Fasciola gigantica

Shi

Mei

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…The distribution is worldwide, but the most commonly affected countries include Bolivia, Peru, Egypt, France, Iran, and Portugal. 3 In more recent years, there have been reports of cases in northeast Iraq. 4 Ruminants such as sheep, goats, or cattle are the definitive host, but humans can be accidentally infected following the ingestion of metacercariae from uncooked freshwater vegetation, crabmeat, and khat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some untreated cases, this can persist for months or years and may lead to death or significant neurological sequelae. 3 Cerebral infarction, subdural hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage have been reported, but isolated subarachnoid hemorrhage is rare. 3 Erroneous migration of ova to the brain parenchyma is recognized with other trematode infections such as schistosomiasis and has been reported to occur in up to 26% of patients in a postmortem study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Cerebral infarction, subdural hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage have been reported, but isolated subarachnoid hemorrhage is rare. 3 Erroneous migration of ova to the brain parenchyma is recognized with other trematode infections such as schistosomiasis and has been reported to occur in up to 26% of patients in a postmortem study. 8 A proposed mechanism for this is the direct spread of infection via the valveless network of veins connecting the Batson venous plexus (deep pelvic and thoracic veins) to vertebral venous plexuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case Report: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Eosinophilic Meningitis due to Disseminated Fascioliasis

Hughes

Green

Street

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Human infection with the trematode Fasciola occurs with a worldwide prevalence of up to 17 million. Sheep and cattle are the normal host. Infection typically results in hepatobiliary disease, but extrahepatic manifestations are occasionally reported. Here, we present the case of a previously healthy 31-year-old Kurdish woman, admitted to hospital with a subarachnoid hemorrhage, eosinophilic meningitis, and lung and liver disease. A diagnosis of Fasciola infection was made based on strongly positive serology in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The patient improved following treatment with triclabendazole and prednisolone.

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“…Finally, the parasites move into biliary ducts where they mature and begin producing eggs. Nevertheless, sometimes a small proportion of parasites reaches ectopic locations (Mas-Section Editor: Xing-Quan Zhu * Florencio M. Ubeira fm.ubeira@usc.es Coma et al 2013Coma et al , 2014, thus preventing elimination of the eggs through the biliary ducts. Considering the characteristics of the biological cycle of Fasciola, diagnosis of infections by either F. hepatica or the more pathogenic F. gigantica (Valero et al 2016) has traditionally been carried out by microscopic observation of parasite eggs in fecal samples from infected hosts (Mas-Coma et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of recombinant cathepsins L1, L2, and L5 as ELISA targets for serodiagnosis of bovine and ovine fascioliasis

et al. 2018

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Infections caused by Fasciola hepatica are of great importance in the veterinary field, as they cause important economic losses to livestock producers. Serodiagnostic methods, typically ELISA (with either native or recombinant antigens), are often used for early diagnosis. The use of native antigens, as in the MM3-SERO ELISA (commercialized as BIO K 211, BIO-X Diagnostics), continues to be beneficial in terms of sensitivity and specificity; however, there is interest in developing ELISA tests based on recombinant antigens to avoid the need to culture parasites. Of the antigens secreted by adult flukes, recombinant procathepsin L1 (rFhpCL1) is the most commonly tested in ELISA to date. However, although adult flukes produce three different clades of CLs (FhCL1, FhCL2, and FhCL5), to our knowledge, the diagnostic value of recombinant FhCL2 and FhCL5 has not yet been investigated. In the present study, we developed and tested three indirect ELISAs using rFhpCL1, rFhpCL2, and rFhpCL5 and evaluated their recognition by sera from sheep and cattle naturally infected with F. hepatica. Although the overall antibody response to these three rFhpCLs was similar, some animals displayed preferential recognition for particular rFhpCLs. Moreover, for cattle sera, the highest sensitivity was obtained using rFhpCL2 (97%), being equal for both rFhpCL1 and rFhpCL5 (87.9%), after adjusting cut-offs for maximum specificity. By contrast, for sheep sera, the sensitivity was 100% for the three rFhpCLs. Finally, the presence of truncated and/or partially unfolded molecules in antigen preparations is postulated as a possible source of cross-reactivity.

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Direct and indirect affection of the central nervous system by Fasciola infection

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Dysregulation of hepatic microRNA expression in C57BL/6 mice affected by excretory-secretory products of Fasciola gigantica

Dysregulation of hepatic microRNA expression in C57BL/6 mice affected by excretory-secretory products of Fasciola gigantica

Case Report: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Eosinophilic Meningitis due to Disseminated Fascioliasis

Comparison of recombinant cathepsins L1, L2, and L5 as ELISA targets for serodiagnosis of bovine and ovine fascioliasis

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