Direct and converse magnetoelectic effect in laminate bonded Terfenol-D–PZT composites

Abstract

Results from measurements of the direct and converse magnetoelectric effect on a three-layer, epoxy-bonded, laminate composite are presented. The laminae are a single transversely-polarised piezoelectric elements (PZ29) sandwiched between two longitudinal-magnetically polarised magnetostrictive TD elements (Terfenol-D-TX GMM). The direct ME effect was determined by measuring laminate output with a Helmholtz-generated AC field (of up to 7Oe) in the range 50 Hz-100 kHz biased by a DC field (0-1000Oe). Peak voltage output occurred at the sample's mechanical resonant frequency, its value otherwise depending on the strength and direction of the applied magnetic field. The peak output is 3061mV at 3 Oe AC field and 1000 Oe bias, equivalent to 74.4 V/cm Oe was achieved. The peak output coefficient, however was 93.6V/cm Oe at 0.1Oe AC field and 1000Oe DC bias. The reduction at higher drive amplitudes was attributed an increased Young's modulus of TD phase. Anomalous peaks in the sample's output, related to the proximity of the DC electromagnet poles, are also investigated and explained. The converse magnetoelectric effect was measured by recording the voltage induced in a solenoid encompassing the ME and exposed to a DC bias field and the PZ phase driven by a 10 V AC source. A peak output is shown to depend on the strength of the applied DC magnetic field and gave a maximum output voltage of 600 mV, representing 15.4 Oe at the sample's mechanical resonant frequency. This equates to a converse magnetoelectric coefficient of 55 Oe cm/ kV.

Superparamagnetic anisotropic elastomer connectors exhibiting reversible magneto-piezoresistivity

“…These cured composites not only present anisotropic elastic properties but the elastic moduli can be now modified by application of magnetic fields (H). Although the dependence of the Young´s modulus with H in MRE has been investigated in several comprehensive studies [6,7,9], there are two closely-related aspects concerning MRE that have not been systematically explored yet: the dependence of other physical properties with external driving forces has been scarcely reported and the implementation of real devices based on MRE is still in its very beginnings [10,12,13].…”

Preparation, Characterization and D.C. Resistivity of y(Ni0.7Co0.2Cd0.1Fe2O4)+ (1-y) Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 Magnetoelectric Composites

“…Many researchers have worked on composite materials to improve ME voltage coefficient. Due to potential of convertibility of magnetic field into electric field and vice versa [3][4][5][6][7][8], ME composite have large technological applications like transducer and sensor [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Bidirectional current-voltage converters based on magnetostrictive/piezoelectric composites

“…[8][9][10] In this letter, we report the structure, operating principle, and characteristics of a power supply-free, bidirectional I-V converter based on a Terfenol-D/PMN-PT magnetoelectric laminated composite wound by a coil.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The effects in laminated composites of Tb x Dy 1−x Fe 2−y ͑Terfenol-D͒ magnetostrictive alloy and Pb͑Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 ͒ 1−x Ti x O 3 ͑PMN-PT͒ piezoelectric single crystal have been studied, and interestingly large magnetoelectric coefficient ͑␣ v = dV / dH͒ of 384 mV/Oe and converse magnetoelectric coefficient ͑␣ B = dB / dV͒ of 118 mGs/V have been obtained at an optimal bias magnetic field of ϳ350 Oe. [11][12][13] The direct magnetoelectric effect in the composites have been attributed to the product effect of the direct magnetostrictive effect in the Terfenol-D alloy and the direct piezoelectric effect in the PMN-PT single crystal, while the converse magnetoelectric effect has been ascribed to the product effect of the converse piezoelectric effect in the PMN-PT single crystal and the converse magnetostrictive effect in the Terfenol-D alloy, both mediated by mechanical coupling.…”

“…[11][12][13] The direct magnetoelectric effect in the composites have been attributed to the product effect of the direct magnetostrictive effect in the Terfenol-D alloy and the direct piezoelectric effect in the PMN-PT single crystal, while the converse magnetoelectric effect has been ascribed to the product effect of the converse piezoelectric effect in the PMN-PT single crystal and the converse magnetostrictive effect in the Terfenol-D alloy, both mediated by mechanical coupling. [8][9][10] In this letter, we report the structure, operating principle, and characteristics of a power supply-free, bidirectional I-V converter based on a Terfenol-D/PMN-PT magnetoelectric laminated composite wound by a coil.…”