Direct analysis of eight chlorophenols in urine by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography with multiple wavelength ultraviolet detection

Abstract

a b s t r a c tA novel method for determining eight chlorophenols (CPs) by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction high performance liquid chromatography in urine samples was developed. An aliquot of 1.0 mL urine sample could be analyzed directly after centrifugation. The analytes were preconcentrated online on a Turboflow C18-P SPE column, eluted in back-flush mode, and then separated on an Acclaim PA2 analytical column. Major parameters such as SPE column type, sample loading flow rate and elution time were optimized in detail. Eight CPs from monochlorophenol to pentacholophenol were measured by multiple-wavelength UV detection at four different wavelengths. The limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.5 and 2 ng/mL. The linearity range was from the limit of quantification to 1000 ng/mL for each compound, with the coefficients of determination (r 2 ) ranging from 0.9990 to 0.9996. The reproducibility of intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 0.6% to 4.5% (n ¼5). The method was successfully applied to analyze eight CPs in urine samples. Good recoveries, ranging from 76.3% to 122.9%, were obtained. This simple, sensitive and accurate method provides an alternative way to rapidly analyze and monitor CPs in urine samples, especially for matters of occupational exposure.

A rapid and fully automatic method for the accurate determination of a wide carbon-chain range of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (C4–C18) in human serum

“…Turboflow columns provide an efficient separation of small molecules from large matrix components by creating turbulence inside the column, and macro molecules, such as proteins, can be excluded from the turboflow column [32,33]. Two types of commercial Turboflow SPE columns were compared, including silica-based Turboflow C18-P and polymeric-based Turboflow Cyclone-P columns.…”

Simultaneous determination of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 in corn powder, edible oil, peanut butter, and soy sauce by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry utilizing turbulent flow chromatography

“…This online automated system uses a TFC column to separate analytes of interest from their complex matrices, depending on diffusion, chemistry, and size exclusion . Compared with traditional off‐line SPE, the on‐line TFC column is very effective for direct and fast analysis of complicated samples . The on‐line TFC columns have been used in the determination of tetracycline and erythromycin antibiotics at laboratory scale , bisphenol A and other phenols in urine , polyphenols in jelly products , the metabolomic analysis of human plasma , and anabolic androgenic steroids in urine On‐line SPE has been used in the analysis of pesticides .…”

Analysis of chlorophenols in environmental water using polydopamine-coated magnetic graphene as an extraction material coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography

“…This shows that the proposed method is very rapid. The LOD values of the proposed method are lower than that of most of the previous methods indicating the highly sensitive detection of CPs with proposed method. The RSD values of the proposed method are lower than that of three of the previous methods , which suggests that the proposed method has good repeatability.…”

“…In the previous work [3][4][5][6][7]19, 20] many methods were successfully developed for the analysis of CPs. To further demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method, the proposed method was compared with these previous methods.…”