Diphtheria

Naiditch, Morris J.; Bower, Albert G.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(54)90261-2

Cited by 77 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A diphtheria antitoxin level of 0.01 to 0.09 IU/mL provides some degree of protection, whereas levels ≥0.1 IU/mL are considered protective and levels >1.0 IU/mL are associated with long-lasting protection ( 77 ). Although no level of circulating diphtheria antitoxin confers absolute protection, most reports indicate that C. diphtheriae infection in previously vaccinated persons is milder and less likely to be fatal ( 56 , 78 , 79 ). The failure of the vaccine to protect all persons exposed to C. diphtheriae highlights the importance of maintaining high vaccination coverage and herd immunity to prevent or limit transmission and outbreaks, as evidenced by the disappearance of diphtheria cases in industrialized countries with established vaccination programs.…”

Section: Vaccines For Prevention Of Pertussis Tetanus and Diphtherimentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Pertussis, Tetanus, and Diphtheria with Vaccines in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

et al. 2018

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SummaryThis report compiles and summarizes all recommendations from CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding prevention and control of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis in the United States. As a comprehensive summary of previously published recommendations, this report does not contain any new recommendations and replaces all previously published reports and policy notes; it is intended for use by clinicians and public health providers as a resource. ACIP recommends routine vaccination for tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. Infants and young children are recommended to receive a 5-dose series of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines, with one adolescent booster dose of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine. Adults who have never received Tdap also are recommended to receive a booster dose of Tdap. Women are recommended to receive a dose of Tdap during each pregnancy, which should be administered from 27 through 36 weeks’ gestation, regardless of previous receipt of Tdap. After receipt of Tdap, adolescents and adults are recommended to receive a booster tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (Td) vaccine every 10 years to assure ongoing protection against tetanus and diphtheria.

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Section: Vaccines For Prevention Of Pertussis Tetanus and Diphtherimentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Pertussis, Tetanus, and Diphtheria with Vaccines in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

et al. 2018

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“…Also, the patient presented with several days of symptoms and the diagnosis was not established until day three from presentation and it is unclear if anti-toxin would have prevented the late onset symptoms. According to old studies DAT should be administered within a week to reduce mortality but the best results was seen when treated within 24–48 h [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe diphtheria with neurologic and myocardial involvement in a Swedish patient: a case report

Skogmar

Tham

2018

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundDiphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Although waning in incidence diphtheria can cause severe disease as in this rare Swedish case with several complications.Case presentationA 55-year old male presented to the emergency room with severe respiratory symptoms and greyish membranes in the airways, which turned positive for C. diphtheriae. He was put on ventilator support and remained hospitalized for three months. During care he developed myocarditis and severe neurological disease and he was also co-infected with tuberculosis. The patient was discharged with a favorable outcome.ConclusionsDiphtheria should be suspected in patients with life-threatening pneumonia especially if the patient has a history of travelling. Our patient was not treated with diphtheria anti-toxin (DAT) which may have contributed to the severity of the disease.

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“…We attached some potential clinical significance to our observations since the low toxin levels probably mimic more closely the natural infection than do the high toxin levels. In addition, cardiac dysfunction and pathology are commonplace in severe and fatal cases of diphtheria in humans (1,7,14,15), and thus it was considered plausible that heart tissues may represent a primary site of action of diphtheria toxin in the intact animal. Baseman et al (2) reported that diphtheria toxin induced a significant, although not uniform reduction of protein synthesis and active transferase II enzyme activity in all tissues of guinea pigs and rabbits.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Protein Synthesis After Intravenous or Intramuscular Challenge with Diphtheria Toxin

Bonventre

Saelinger

1972

Infect Immun

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Diphtheria

Cited by 77 publications

References 52 publications

Prevention of Pertussis, Tetanus, and Diphtheria with Vaccines in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

Prevention of Pertussis, Tetanus, and Diphtheria with Vaccines in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

Severe diphtheria with neurologic and myocardial involvement in a Swedish patient: a case report

Inhibition of Protein Synthesis After Intravenous or Intramuscular Challenge with Diphtheria Toxin

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