Dip Area. A Quantitative Measure of Fetal Heart Rate Patterns

Abstract

Summary Analysis of fetal heart rate records has shown that the frequency, duration and amplitude of transient episodes of fetal bradycardia, regardless of their relationship to uterine activity, are factors of great importance in assessing fetal condition. Dip area is a quantitative measure of these factors; it is easily communicated and avoids the present confusion of classification and nomenclature.

Plasma-nor-adrenalin and adrenalin concentrations in feto-maternal blood: Their relations to feto-maternal endocrine levels, cardiotocographic and mechanocardiographic values, and umbilical arterial blood biochemical profilings

“…insulin was measured by a dextran charcoal method using CEA-IRE-Sorin · 12S I Kit, äs well. Cardiotocographic recordings were made by a Toitsu System Tocograph, PCS 260, on 55 pregnancies, and analyzed quantitatively by the dip area of SHELLEY and TIPTON [12], the bradycardie residuelle of SUREAU [13], the bradycardia index of KOMAROMY [8], the prediction index of APGAR scores by SCHIFRIN and DAME [11], and the index of fetal welfare by TIPTON and SHELLEY [15]. Mechanocardiographic analyses were made from fetal ECG, PCG and ultrasonogram stored on a TEAC data recorder, R-70A, and visualized on San-ei Visigraph, 5L31.…”

Accumulation and disappearance of lactate in a fetus with a hemochorial placenta. The role of placental transfer and fetal metabolism.

“…The lactic acid production in the fetus is related to fetal hypoxia in a similar way äs the deceleration of fetal heart rate: Both are inversely related to eration with the fetal oxygen concentration exfetal arterial oxygen concentration. The common plains the correlation b^tween fetal acidosis and relationship of lactic acid production and decel-thedip areaof deceleration [7,11].…”

Evaluating a New Technology: The Effectiveness of Electronic Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring

“…The other studies relied solely on EFM for the experimental group (21,27,35,64). Criteria for the diagnosis of fetal distress by EFM (4,31,55,57) varied somewhat across studies. Benson et ai's criteria for fetal distress rely on magnitude of the standard deviation of the fetal heart rate during the first stage of labor and the maximum drop from the average fetal heart rate (4).…”