Diosmetin has therapeutic efficacy in colitis regulating gut microbiota, inflammation, and oxidative stress via the circ-Sirt1/Sirt1 axis

Abstract

Diosmetin (3',5,7 -trihydroxy-4'-methoxy flavone) is a natural flavonoid compound in the citrus species, it exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities, but little is known of its effects on colitis. In this study we evaluated the therapeutic effects of diosmetin on mouse models of chronic and acute colitis. Chronic colitis was induced in mice by drinking water containing 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) from D0 to D8, followed by administration of diosmetin (25, 50 mg • kg −1 • d −1 ) for another 8 days. Acute colitis was induced by drinking water containing 5% DSS from D0 to D7, the mice concomitantly received diosmetin (25, 50 mg • kg −1 • d −1 ) from D1 to D7. During the experiments, body weight and disease activity index (DAI) were assessed daily. After the mice were sacrificed, colon tissue and feces samples were collected, and colon length was measured. We showed that in both models, diosmetin administration significantly decreased DAI score and ameliorated microscopic colon tissue damage; increased the expression of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens-1), and reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and Cox-2 in colon tissue. We found that diosmetin administration remarkably inhibited colon oxidative damage by adjusting the levels of intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, GSH-Px, SOD, MDA and GSH in colon tissue. The protection of diosmetin against intestinal epithelial barrier damage and oxidative stress were also observed in LPStreated Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated that diosmetin markedly increased the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 and reduced the ratio of acetylated NF-κB and NF-κB by activating the circ-Sirt1/Sirt1 axis, which inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Diosmetin reversed the effects of si-circSirt1 and si-Sirt1 in LPS-treated Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells. When the gut microbiota was analyzed in the mouse model of colitis, we found that diosmetin administration modulated the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes, which were crucial for inflammatory bowel disease. Our results have linked colitis to the circ-Sirt1/Sirt1 signaling pathway, which is activated by diosmetin. The results imply that diosmetin may be a novel candidate to alleviate DSS-induced colitis and can be a lead compound for future optimization and modification.

Nintedanib Alleviates Experimental Colitis by Inhibiting CEBPB/PCK1 and CEBPB/EFNA1 Pathways

“…ZO-1 ( Furuse et al, 1994 ), occludin ( Furuse et al, 1998 ), and claudin-1 are intestinal epithelial barrier proteins, which are very important for the stability of epithelial barrier function. Previous studies have shown that geniposide and diosmetin can improve colitis by significantly increasing the damaged intestinal barrier protein ( Xu et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2021b ). In the experiment, we found that the expression of related barrier proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 increased significantly after silencing the transcription factor CEBPB.…”

Investigation into the in vivo mechanism of diosmetin in patients with breast cancer and COVID-19 using bioinformatics

“…Studies have shown that Diosmetin is cytotoxic to BRCA cells ( Androutsopoulos et al, 2009 ). Based on its anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects ( Lee D. H. et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2022 ), we hypothesized that Diosmetin might have an effective pharmacological activity on patients with BRCA/COVID-19. In the previous analysis, we identified 337 core genes that were associated with the development of COVID-19 and were also involved in the development of breast cancer, among which 219 were upregulated and 119 were downregulated.…”

Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Explore the Mechanism of Qiju Dihuang Pill against Dry Eye Disease

“…Chryseriol is a flavonoid with various biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways, respectively [29,30]. Diosmetin has both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and has been shown to significantly inhibit the activation of inflammatory factors and to downregulate reactive oxygen species levels [31,32]. Alisol B 23acetate can downregulate inflammatory mediators by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways [33].…”