Diosgenin Protects Rats from Myocardial Inflammatory Injury Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion

Abstract

BackgroundDiosgenin, a phytosteroid sapogenin, has anti-inflammatory properties shown to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). However, the specific mechanism by which this is achieved is not clear. This study investigated the protective effects of diosgenin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms.Material/MethodsHealthy adult male SD rats, body weight (b.w.) 250–280 g, were used to model ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and were administered diosgenin (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg b.w.) intragastrically for 4 consecutive weeks before surgery. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was ligated to induce myocardial ischemia for 30 min and reperfusion for 30 min, 60 min, and 120 min while relevant indicators were detected.ResultsBoth 50 mg and 100 mg diosgenin oral administration increased left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and maximum changing rate of ventricular pressure (±dp/dtmax), decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and myocardial enzyme markers. TTC staining suggested that diosgenin reduced myocardial infarct size in the rat model. Pathological results showed that myocardial ischemia and inflammation were alleviated by diosgenin. In addition, the increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in serum, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in myocardium were significantly suppressed by diosgenin administration. Diosgenin further inhibited the phosphorylation of transcription factor NF-κB and modulated the expression of downstream inflammatory cytokines by regulating the activation of p38-MAPK and JNK pathways.ConclusionsResults demonstrate diosgenin plays an anti-inflammatory role in the protection of MIRI through regulation of p38-MAPK and JNK pathways and phosphorylation of NF-κB.

Comparative pharmacokinetics of seven bioactive components in normal, sham‐operated, and myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury rats after oral administration of the Salvia Miltiorrhiza–Moutan Cortex herb pair

“…MIRI model rats were established as an ischemic stroke model based on a modified version of a previously published study protocol (Wang, Liu, Cao, Qiao, & Xu, 2018). Briefly, we first placed animals in a supine position connected to a standard lead II electrocardiogram (ECG).…”

The role of diosgenin in crohn’s disease

“…Diosgenin, a major active constituent, occurs abundantly in Dioscorea species, Heterosmilax species, and Trigonella foenum-graecum [105]. It was confirmed that diosgenin has shown anti-diabetes effects [106,107] anti-apoptosis [108] as well as mitigating oxidative stress [109][110][111] and inflammation [112]. Reports from pharmacological studies have revealed the anti-proliferative property of diosgenin, ameliorating the vascular system in a chronic renal failure model in rats by expanding the aorta eNOS expression in the rat [113] (Fig.…”

Saponins in Chinese Herbal Medicine Exerts Protection in Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: Possible Mechanism and Target Analysis

“…Dioscin is a phytoestrogen that exhibits anti-MIRI activity. Diosgenin exerts cardioprotective effects by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress by activating mitochondrial K ATP channels and regulating p38-MAPK/JNK pathways ( Badalzadeh et al, 2014 ; Badalzadeh et al, 2015 ; Wang H. W. et al, 2018 ). Estrogen and its receptors are both critical targets in the MIRI mechanism; therefore, dioscin can also be used as a drug candidate for the treatment of MIRI, and its cardioprotective mechanism needs further research.…”