Dinámica de la infección por Helicobacter pylori en lactantes durante los primeros 6 meses de vida

Merino, José S.; Araneda, Liliana; Lincoñir-Campos, Paulina; Parra, Cristian; Sáez, Katia; García, Antonio Manuel Rodríguez

doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2018.03.016

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is an important association as WHO classifies H. pylori infection as a Class I (definite) gastric carcinogen and its prevalence is known to be higher in developing countries; indeed a systematic review and meta-analysis found a pooled prevalence of 70% across the African continent [14]. A study conducted in Chile using faecal antigen testing found that acquisition of H. pylori infection may occur as early as the first month of life [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis

2021

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Background Hypochlorhydria (gastric pH >4) increases susceptibility to diarrhoea, iron deficiency, and gastric cancer. We sought to clarify the prevalence of this condition and its predisposing factors in Zambia by pooling data from previous studies conducted in hospital and community settings. Methods Gastric pH was measured in participants from five separate studies by collecting gastric aspirate from fasted adults and children under 3 years of age undergoing gastroscopy. Gastric pH was correlated with serological testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections. Results We studied 597 individuals (487 adults and 110 children). Hypochlorhydria was present in 53% of adults and 31% of children. HIV infection was detected in 41% of adults and 11% of children. H. pylori serology was available for 366 individuals: 93% of adults and 6% of children were seropositive. In univariate analysis, hypochlorhydria was significantly associated with HIV seropositivity (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2–2.4; p = 0.004) and H. pylori antibody seropositivity (OR 4.9; 95% CI 2.8–8.6; p<0.0001), and with advancing age in HIV negative individuals (p = 0.0001). In multivariable analysis, only H. pylori was associated with hypochlorhydria (OR 4.0; 95% CI 2.2–7.2; p<0.0001) while excluding possible exposure to proton pump inhibitors. Conclusions Hypochlorhydria is common in our population, with H. pylori being the dominant factor. Only young HIV seronegative individuals had a low prevalence of hypochlorhydria. This may have implications for the risk of other health conditions including gastric cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis

2021

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“…Chile has one of the highest rates of H. pylori infection in the world (2,3) and different studies have shown a prevalence of infection ranging from 60% to 79%, according to socio-economic, educational and health conditions of the population studied (4) . In addition, Merino et al (5) suggested that in Chile exists an increased risk of infection by H. pylori during the first year of life (up to 23.9 %). Moreover, gastric adenocarcinoma and the high prevalence of H. pylori at younger ages are a major cause of cancer-related mortality (2) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance of Helicobacter Pylori at the Biobío Region (Chile) in a Decade

Parra-Sepúlveda

Merino

Sáez-Carrillo

et al. 2019

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection in Chile remains as a public and private health-care system’s challenge, with a prevalence of the infection over 70%. Nowadays, antibiotic treatment of the infection is mandatory to prevent the arising of severe associated diseases but failures in the eradication therapy mainly due to clarithromycin resistance has been observed worldwide and first line eradication therapy seems to be not effective anymore in several geographical areas. Thus, health-care systems are committed to maintain an epidemiological surveillance upon the evolution of the antibiotic resistance of this priority 2 pathogen. OBJECTIVE: This work reports a 10 years surveillance of the primary antibiotic resistance of H. pylori clinical isolates at the Biobío region-Chile, and the evolution of resistance toward amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, and tetracycline among the species. METHODS: H. pylori strains were investigated during the periods 2005-2007 (1435 patients analysed) and 2015-2017 (220 patients analysed) by inoculating a saline homogenate biopsy onto the surface of Columbia agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) - supplemented with 7% horse red blood cells plus DENT inhibitor (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) - following by incubation at 37ºC under 10% CO2 atmosphere for five days. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was assessed using the disk diffusion test in Müeller-Hinton agar supplemented with 7% horse red blood cells followed by incubation for further three days under 10% CO2 atmosphere. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS v22 software and P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 41% of 1435 patients were detected to be infected with H. pylori by bacteriological culture in 2005-2007 period, meanwhile 32.7% from 220 patients were also infected in 2015-2017 period. The clinical isolates of H. pylori are mostly susceptible to amoxicillin and tetracycline (both over 98% of strains), but less susceptible to levofloxacin in both periods analysed (over 79% of the strains). On the other hand, metronidazole continuous showing the highest score of resistant isolates (over 40% of resistant strains), although an 18% fewer resistant strains were observed in 2015-2017 period. Clarithromycin, the key antibiotic in eradication therapies, has an increased frequency of resistant strain isolated in the decade (22.5% in 2005-2007 and 29.2% in 2015-2017). Multidrug resistant strains (two, three and four antibiotics) were also detected in both periods with the highest scores for simultaneous resistance to clarithromycin-metronidazole (18%) and clarithromycin-metronidazole-levofloxacin (12.5%) resistant strains. According to gender, the isolates resistant to amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole were more frequent in female, with a specific increment in amoxicillin and clarithromycin resistance. CONCLUSION: The frequency of clarithromycin resistance (29.2%) detected in 2015-2017 suggests that conventional triple therapy is no longer effective in this region.

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Maternal H. pylori is associated with differential fecal microbiota in infants born by vaginal delivery

Hernández

Shin

Troncoso

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Helicobacter pylori colonization may affect the mucosal immune system through modification of microbiota composition and their interactions with the host. We hypothesized that maternal H. pylori status affects the maternal intestinal microbiota of both mother and newborn. In this study, we determine the structure of the fecal microbiota in mothers and neonates according to maternal H. pylori status and delivery mode. We included 22 mothers and H. pylori infection was determined by fecal antigen test. Eleven mothers (50%) were H. pylori-positive (7 delivering vaginally and 4 by C-section), and 11 were negative (6 delivering vaginally and 5 by C-section). Stool samples were obtained from mothers and infants and the fecal DNA was sequenced. The fecal microbiota from mothers and their babies differed by the maternal H. pylori status, only in vaginal birth, not in C-section delivery. All 22 infants tested negative for fecal H. pylori at 15 days of age, but those born vaginally –and not those by C-section- showed differences in the infant microbiota by maternal H. pylori status (PERMANOVA, p = 0.01), with higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Veillonella, in those born to H. pylori-positive mothers. In conclusion, the structure of the infant fecal microbiota is affected by the maternal H. pylori status only in infants born vaginally, suggesting that the effect could be mediated by labor and birth exposures.

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Dinámica de la infección por Helicobacter pylori en lactantes durante los primeros 6 meses de vida

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis

Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis

Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance of Helicobacter Pylori at the Biobío Region (Chile) in a Decade

Maternal H. pylori is associated with differential fecal microbiota in infants born by vaginal delivery

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