Diminished cortisol responses to psychosocial stress associated with lifetime adverse events

Elzinga, Bernet M.; Roelofs, Karin; Tollenaar, Marieke S.; Bakvis, Patricia; Pelt, Johannes van; Spinhoven, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.11.004

Cited by 321 publications

(251 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…We observed a relative hypothalamuspituitary-adrenal axis hypo-reactivity in the group of adults with childhood trauma history, evidenced by lower ACTH and cortisol responses to acute stress exposure. This is in line with the majority of studies reporting dampened stress system activity associated with early adversity (Carpenter et al, 2007;Miller et al, 2007;Elzinga et al, 2008;Lovallo et al, 2011;Power et al, 2012), although the opposite has also been reported (Heim et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Altered Stress-Induced Regulation of Genes in Monocytes in Adults with a History of Childhood Adversity

Schwaiger

Grinberg

Moser

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Exposure to serious or traumatic events early in life can lead to persistent alterations in physiological stress response systems, including enhanced cross talk between the neuroendocrine and immune system. These programming effects may be mechanistically involved in mediating the effects of adverse childhood experience on disease risk in adulthood. We investigated hormonal and genome-wide mRNA expression responses in monocytes to acute stress exposure, in a sample of healthy adults (n = 30) with a history of early childhood adversity, and a control group (n = 30) without trauma experience. The early adversity group showed altered hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal axis responses to stress, evidenced by lower ACTH and cortisol responses. Analyses of gene expression patterns showed that stress-responsive transcripts were enriched for genes involved in cytokine activity, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine activity, and G-protein coupled receptor binding. Differences between groups in stress-induced regulation of gene transcription were observed for genes involved in steroid binding, hormone activity, and G-protein coupled receptor binding. Transcription factor binding motif analysis showed an increased activity of pro-inflammatory upstream signaling in the early adversity group. We also identified transcripts that were differentially correlated with stress-induced cortisol increases between the groups, enriched for genes involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and glutamate receptor signaling. We suggest that childhood adversity leads to persistent alterations in transcriptional control of stress-responsive pathways, which-when chronically or repeatedly activated-might predispose individuals to stress-related psychopathology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Altered Stress-Induced Regulation of Genes in Monocytes in Adults with a History of Childhood Adversity

Schwaiger

Grinberg

Moser

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…22 Furthermore, altered cortisol release patterns have been found in infants with disorganized attachment 23 and in adults with childhood emotional maltreatment. 24 2. Dissociation.…”

Section: Risk Mechanisms In Disorganized Attachmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment in Schizophrenia--Implications for Research, Prevention, and Treatment

Harder

2014

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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attachment is a promising area for elucidating psychosocial mechanisms important for development, prevention, and treatment of schizophrenia. This report gives a short summary of studies of attachment in psychosis. it was found that dismissing and disorganized forms of attachment were over-represented in psychosis. evidence pointed to associations between a dismissing attachment pattern and positive psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, and poor engagement with services. Furthermore, insecure attachment was found to predict impaired recovery from negative symptoms. possible major risk processes in development linking dismissing attachment to symptom development were externalizing and deactivation of affects and poor mentalization. For a disorganized form of attachment, possible risk mechanisms were heightened stress-sensitivity and dissociation. Based on this initial evidence, further research in attachment in psychosis focusing on these risk mechanisms seems warranted. in addition, the evidence supported a focus on attachment-related risk processes to enhance the prevention and treatment of psychosis.

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“…Currently the HPA axis appears to be involved in the response to early adverse life events in persons without psychiatric disorders. Elzinga et al [14] found that adverse childhood events in healthy young males are associated with changes in HPA axis function. This is similar to Carpenter et al [5], who found a diminished HPA axis in 23 healthy adults with maltreated childhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide attempters: biological stressmarkers and adverse life events

Sunnqvist

Westrin

Träskman‐Bendz

2008

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosc

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j Abstract Risk factors for suicidal behaviour include adverse life events as well as biochemical parameters acting, e.g. within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and/or monoaminergic systems. The aim of the present investigation was to study stressful life events and biological stress markers among former psychiatric inpatients, who were followed up 12 years after an index suicide attempt. At the time of the index suicide attempt, and before treatment, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were taken, and 24 h (h) urine (U) was collected. 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycole (MHPG) in CSF and 24 h urinary samples of cortisol and noradrenaline/adrenaline (NA/A) were analysed. Data concerning stressful life events were collected retrospectively from all participants in the study through semi-structured interviews at follow-up. We found that patients who reported sexual abuse during childhood and adolescence had significantly higher levels of CSF-MHPG and U-NA/A, than those who had not. Low 24 h U-cortisol was associated with feelings of neglect during childhood and adolescence. In conclusion, this study has shown significant and discrepant biological stress-system findings in relation to some adverse life events. j Key words suicide attempt AE catecholaminergic markers AE U-cortisol AE adverse life events

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Diminished cortisol responses to psychosocial stress associated with lifetime adverse events

Cited by 321 publications

References 63 publications

Altered Stress-Induced Regulation of Genes in Monocytes in Adults with a History of Childhood Adversity

Altered Stress-Induced Regulation of Genes in Monocytes in Adults with a History of Childhood Adversity

Attachment in Schizophrenia--Implications for Research, Prevention, and Treatment

Suicide attempters: biological stressmarkers and adverse life events

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