Dimethoate

Mirajkar, Nikita; Pope, Carey

doi:10.1016/b0-12-369400-0/00330-6

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Pertaining to OPIs, they were used worldwide in agriculture and urban areas to control a wide range of insects due to high efficacy and rapid environmental degradation (Mirajkar, 2005), but they are reported to adversely affect reproductive functions in males particularly semen quality and the hormone balance (Salazar-Arredondo et al, 2008). Any effect on development and growth during the early life stage, threatens the health of the population (González-Doncel, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Edible and Unhatched Chicken Eggs in Sharkia Province, Egypt

Abdelfatah¹,

Abu-Zeid²

2015

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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| This work is proposed to investigate pesticide residues in chicken eggs in El-Sharkia Province, Egypt. Analysis of pesticide residues was performed on 120 egg samples included 80 random edible egg samples (40 farm and 40 home produced hen eggs) and other 40 unhatched eggs. Edible eggs were collected from different stores, places and supermarkets. unhatched incubated eggs were collected from different hatcheries during the winter season. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and organophophorous insecticides (OPIs) residue analysis of samples was done using Agilent Gas chromatograph (GC) Model 6890 N. The results revealed presence of OPIs in higher concentration in home produced eggs than that in farm produced eggs, while OCPs present in farm produced egg in higher levels than that in home produced one. Unlike other studies we have not found higher levels of exposure for most pesticides in those consumers choose home produced eggs, and even farm produced eggs. Regarding unhatched eggs dimethioate recorded the highest concentration which exceeded Maximum Residual Limits (MRLs) of (0.05) mg/kg in all the examined samples. None of the other detected pesticide residues exceeded (MRLs). It was concluded that the levels of pesticide residues in edible eggs either home or farm produced eggs should not exceed Accepted Daily Intake (ADI) established by the World Health Organization (WHO) Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues Report ( JMPR). The study suggests the need for further investigations to determine toxic mechanisms by which dimethoate distress chick emberyos at different developmental stages and result in hatching failure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Edible and Unhatched Chicken Eggs in Sharkia Province, Egypt

Abdelfatah¹,

Abu-Zeid²

2015

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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Environmental Fate and Toxicology of Dimethoate

Scoy

Pennell

Zhang

2016

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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The insecticide dimethoate, an organophosphate, was first introduced in 1962 for broad spectrum control of a wide range of insects including mites, flies, aphids, and plant hoppers. It inhibits AChE activity, resulting in nerve damage, which may lead to death. It is considered highly toxic to insects although dimethoate resistance has been observed. Dimethoate has both a low vapor pressure (0.247 mPa) and Henry's law constant (l.42x10(-6) Pa m3/mol), thus volatilization is not a major route of dissipation from either water or moist soils. Photolysis is considered a minor dissipation pathway. However, studies have shown that in the presence of a catalyst, the rate of photolysis does increase. The insecticide has high water solubility (39,800 mg/L) and under alkaline conditions, hydrolysis predominates representing a major degradation pathway. It has a low soil sorption capacity (Koc=20) which varies by soil type and organic matter content. Dimethoate is degraded by microbes under anaerobic conditions and bacterial species have been identified that are capable of using dimethoate as a carbon source. Although many intermediate by-products have been identified by abiotic and biotic processes, the major degradation product is omethoate. Dimethoate has been found to adversely impact many organisms. In plants, photosynthesis and growth are highly impacted, whereas birds exhibit inhibition in brain enzyme activity, thus sublethal effects are apparent. Furthermore, aquatic organisms are expected to be highly impacted via direct exposure, often displaying changes in swimming behavior. Toxicity results include inhibition in growth and more importantly, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity.

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