Dimensions of leadership in a simulated combat situation.

Follow-Up of the Officer Evaluation Center

“…The remaining officers were members of the first thirty-odd groups used as a "shakedown" sample to refine measures and exercises (11elme, Willemin & Grafton, 1971). …”

“…Biographical reports and self-descriptive statements of interests and attitudes were also included. In the process of development and refinement, the battery was administered to 6500 active duty officers in 1958and 1959and about 4000 in 1961and 1962(Helme, Willemin & Grafton, 1971.…”

“…The remainder of the exercises were carried out under "emergency" conditions and increasing fatigue on the part of the examinee (Helme, Willemin & Grafton, 1971). …”

An Evaluation System for Army ROTC Advanced Summer Camp

“…Specifically, the Officer Evaluation Center (OEC) research program and subsequent analyses (Uhlaner 1970(Uhlaner , 1975Helme, Willemin & Grafton, 1971, 1974 show these leadership behavior factors to be related to effective accomplishment of a variety of missions, such as establishing a roadblock, assessing captured weapons, or selecting depot sites. The eight major factors are discussed below and in Figure 2 (adapted from Uhlaner, 1975).…”

Relationship between leader knowledge, directive behavior, and performance in administrative, technical, and combat situations.

“…Concurrently, the Army's research on officer leadership has developed and validated realistic assessment processes for measuring leader behavior. This has led to the use of "test beds," in which the situational demands are defined, and it has yielded constructs interrelating leader characteristics, leader behaviors, and situational requirements (e.g., Uhlaner, 1970Uhlaner, , 1975Uhlaner, , 1978Helme, Willemin, & Grafton, 1971, 1974Helme, Willemin & Day, 1971).…”