“…These scales have generally been developed in the context of professional and intercollegiate sports. Recently, motivation studies have been applied to a broader spectrum, including mixed martial arts (Andrew, Kim, O'Neal, Greenwell, & James, 2009), soccer (Mehus, 2005), disability sports (Byon, Zhang, & Connaughton, 2010), and sport video games (Cianfrone et al, 2011;Kim & Ross, 2006).…”