Dimensions of Affect Relationships: Models and Their Integrative Implications

Reich, John W.; Zautra, Alex; Davis, Mary C.

doi:10.1037/1089-2680.7.1.66

Cited by 199 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…Simultaneously, it functions as a resource for positive short-and long-term outcomes in multiple life domains. The buffering effect of positive emotions is also central to another model that investigates the role of positive affect, the Dynamic Model of Affect developed by Zautra and colleagues (Zautra et al, 2001;Reich et al, 2003;Davis et al, 2004). The main assumption of this model is that positive affect has the strongest beneficial effects under conditions of high stress relative to low stressful situations.…”

Section: Broaden-and-build Theory: the Role Of Positive Affectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a science and practice of resilience in the face of pain

Goubert

Trompetter

2017

European Journal of Pain

129

135

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. Electronic mail may be sent to Liesbet.Goubert@UGent.be. Conflicts of interestThe authors declare to have no conflicts of interest. 2 Statement of "significance":What does this review add? The resilience approach put forward in this review spotlights sustainability of positive outcomes (e.g. engagement in meaningful activities) in the presence of pain as an outcome to pursue beyond recovery of negative outcomes. We illuminate the evidence-base and practical application of promising resilience mechanisms (positive emotions, psychological flexibility, needs satisfaction).3 Abstract Background and Objective: The primary objective of this paper is to discuss how a resilience approach to (chronic) pain may advance our current understanding of (mal)adaptation to pain. Different resilience perspectives are described, and future challenges for research, prevention and treatment of (chronic) pain are discussed. Databases and Data Treatment:Literature searches were performed in Web of Science and PubMed to identify relevant literature on risk and resilience in the context of pain. Results:Resilience can be best defined as the ability to restore and sustain living a fulfilling life in the presence of pain. The Psychological Flexibility Model, the Broaden-and-Build Theory, and Self-Determination Theory are described as theories that may provide insight into resilience within the context of (chronic) pain. Conclusions:We describe how a resilience paradigm shifts the outcomes to pursue in pain research and intervention and argue the need for including positive outcomes in addition to negative outcomes. Psychological flexibility, positive affect and basic psychological needs satisfaction are described as potentially important resilience mechanisms with the potential to target both sustainability and recovery from pain. A resilience approach to chronic pain may have important implications for the prevention and treatment of chronic pain problems, as it may give specific indications on how to empower patients to continue living a fulfilling life (in the presence of pain).4

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Section: Broaden-and-build Theory: the Role Of Positive Affectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a science and practice of resilience in the face of pain

Goubert

Trompetter

2017

European Journal of Pain

129

135

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“…Foundational evidence for the adaptive function of positive affect is beginning to accrue, however (e.g., Bonanno & Keltner, 1997;Folkman, 1997;Fredrickson et al, 2003;Tugade & Fredrickson, 2004;Zautra, Johnson, & Davis, 2005). Reich, Zautra, and Davis (2003) reviewed a number of studies showing that positive affect, when present during times of stress, appear maximally effective at strengthening resistance. The finding that positive affect reduces vulnerability to stress has now been documented in different laboratory and field studies (e.g., Zautra, Reich, Davis, Potter, & Nicolson, 2000), under different stressful contexts (Ong, Bergeman, Bisconti, & Wallace, 2006;Zautra et al, 2005), and with different indices of health and well-being (e.g., Davis, Zautra, & Smith, 2004;Ong & Allaire, 2005).…”

Section: Research On the Role Of Positive Affect In The Stress Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Affect and Adjustment to Perceived Racism

Ong¹,

Edwards²

2008

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

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“…Therefore, given the known link between goal conflict and mixed emotions, it is plausible that mixed emotions participate in the process by which individuals achieve proposes that under conditions of low stress the affect system allows complex information processing, but under high stress, information processing is concentrated on immediate demands, and as a consequence, discrimination between positive affect and negative affect is simplified. Therefore, the DMA anticipates that high stress will result in negative correlations between positive affect and negative affect (Reich et al, 2003). Importantly, the DMA also predicts that individual differences in the capacity to experience more complex affective patterns (i.e., mixed emotions) during stressful situations may be beneficial for individuals' health (Davis, Zautra, & Smith, 2004;Reich et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the DMA anticipates that high stress will result in negative correlations between positive affect and negative affect (Reich et al, 2003). Importantly, the DMA also predicts that individual differences in the capacity to experience more complex affective patterns (i.e., mixed emotions) during stressful situations may be beneficial for individuals' health (Davis, Zautra, & Smith, 2004;Reich et al, 2003).Individual differences in mixed emotions are thought to buffer or moderate the negative consequences of stressful events on individuals' health (Reich et al, 2003). Thus, for example, some evidence has demonstrated that individual differences in experiencing mixed emotions are associated with levels of resilience during bereavement (Coifman, Bonanno, & Rafaeli, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

When Feeling Mixed Can Be Meaningful: The Relation Between Mixed Emotions and Eudaimonic Well-Being

2017

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Whilst positive emotions benefit well-being, the role of other more complex emotional experiences for well-being is less well understood. This research therefore investigated the relationship between mixed emotions and eudaimonic well-being. A cross-sectional study (Study 1; N = 429) first demonstrated (using structural equation modelling) that mixed emotions are related to the presence of goal conflict. Importantly, it was also found that mixed emotions are positively related to eudaimonic well-being, and that one potential mechanism linking mixed emotions and eudaimonic well-being is via the search for meaning in life. Study 2 (N = 52) implemented a quasi-experiment regarding a naturally occurring meaningful life event (i.e., graduation day) and again demonstrated that mixed emotions are associated with a greater level of eudaimonic well-being. Implications of these findings include the importance of mixed emotions in the search for meaning in life, and the role of mixed emotions in goal conflict resolution.Keywords: mixed emotions, eudaimonic well-being, meaning in life, well-being, emotional complexity. THE EFFECTS OF MIXED EMOTIONS ON EUDAIMONIC WELL-BEING 3When feeling mixed can be meaningful:The relation between mixed emotions and eudaimonic well-being Eudaimonic well-being refers to a person's sense that his or her life has purpose or meaning. Unlike hedonic well-being, which refers to a person's sense of pleasure in life, eudaimonic well-being is not defined by the presence of positive emotion and absence of negative emotion. Indeed, experiencing a functional balance of positive and negative emotions may be a hallmark of eudaimonic well-being (Fredrickson, 2013). In this investigation, we examine whether subjective experiences that involve feeling both positive and negative emotion at the same time, known as mixed emotions, contribute to people's eudaimonic well-being.There are currently two distinctive approaches to the study of well-being: the eudaimonic approach and the hedonic approach. The eudaimonic approach focuses on the integration of multiple human potentials that permit people to live congruently with their values, ideals, and actions (Ryan & Deci, 2001;Ryff & Singer, 1998 and usually emphasises the importance of achieving goals that foster a meaningful life in spite of momentary restraint (Ryan et al., 2008). Eudaimonic well-being has also been linked to meaning in life, in terms of the sense of meaning and fulfilment (Ryan & Deci, 2008), although some authors have suggested that meaning in life and eudaimonic well-being may not necessarily be synonyms because people may be searching for meaning without having a sense of fulfilment (e.g., Steger, Frazier, Oishi, & Kaler, 2006).In contrast, the hedonic approach to well-being emphasises positive emotions and satisfaction with life as the hallmarks of a good life (Deiner, Suh, Lucas, & Smith 1999; Kahneman, Diener, & Schwarz 1999). Hedonic accounts assume that people are driven by THE EFFECTS OF MIXED EMOTIONS ON EUDAIMONIC WELL-BEING...

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Dimensions of Affect Relationships: Models and Their Integrative Implications

Cited by 199 publications

References 94 publications

Towards a science and practice of resilience in the face of pain

Towards a science and practice of resilience in the face of pain

Positive Affect and Adjustment to Perceived Racism

When Feeling Mixed Can Be Meaningful: The Relation Between Mixed Emotions and Eudaimonic Well-Being

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