Dimensions and Types of Attention Deficit Disorder

Lahey, Benjamin B.; Pelham, William E.; Schaughency, Elizabeth; Atkins, Marc S.; Murphy, Hugh; Hynd, George W.; Russo, Mary F.; Hartdagen, Sandra; Lorys-Vernon, Alison

doi:10.1097/00004583-198805000-00011

Cited by 284 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Further psychometric work suggested that the problems with hyperactivity and impulsivity formed a single dimension of behavior for all practical purposes (Achenbach and Edelbrock 1983;Goyette et al 1978;Lahey et al 1988). As a result, ADHD was described in DSM-IV as reflecting two distinct yet correlated dimensions or domains of behavior: a set of symptoms for inattention and a set of symptoms for hyperactive-impulsive behavior (Association 1994).…”

Section: History Of Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Matthews¹,

Nigg²,

Fair³

2013

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

109

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Over the last two decades, there have been numerous technical and methodological advances available to clinicians and researchers to better understand attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its etiology. Despite the growing body of literature investigating the disorder's pathophysiology, ADHD remains a complex psychiatric disorder to characterize. This chapter will briefly review the literature on ADHD, with a focus on its history, the current genetic insights, neurophysiologic theories, and the use of neuroimaging to further understand the etiology. We address some of the major concerns that remain unclear about ADHD, including subtype instability, heterogeneity, and the underlying neural correlates that define the disorder. We highlight that the field of ADHD is rapidly evolving; the descriptions provided here will hopefully provide a sturdy foundation for which to build and improve our understanding of the disorder.

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Section: History Of Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Matthews¹,

Nigg²,

Fair³

2013

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

109

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“…There has been a greater degree of empirical support for the distinction between hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention within ADHD than existed for the various symptom arrangements in previous editions of the DSM (Lahey et al, 1988 ;McBurnett et al, 1999). Yet, there is a striking paucity of literature investigating the individual dimensions of ADHD in terms of their relationship to other conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Aspects of ADHD Are Associated with Tobacco Use in Early Adolescence?

Burke¹,

Loeber²,

Lahey³

2001

J. Child Psychol. Psychiat.

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Several studies have found a relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use, primarily in the context of co-occurring conduct disorder (CD). However, very few have examined the associations between the individual dimensions of ADHD (hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention) and substance use, even though these dimensions reflect distinct symptom groupings, both by clinical definition (DSM-IV, American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and through empirical demonstration (Lahey et al., 1988 ;McBurnett et al., 1999). This longitudinal study examines the relationship between dimensions of ADHD (as described by DSM) and substance use, accounting for other psychopathology and factors potentially related to substance use. Participants were 177 clinic-referred boys (initially between ages 7 and 12) followed up over nine annual phases until all participants had reached age 15. Annual assessment included structured clinical interviews with parent and child and self-report questionnaires of substance use, as well as questionnaires related to family factors and parenting behaviors. Seventy-eight per cent of participants reported use of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, or other illicit drugs during adolescence, with 51 % reporting any tobacco use. The inclusion of CD rendered all bivariate relationships with the full diagnosis of ADHD nonsignificant. However, adolescent inattention, considered independently, was associated with a 2n2 times greater risk for concurrent tobacco use, even after controlling for CD. Even when other factors, selected based on their associations with tobacco use in adolescence, were included in a regression model (concurrent adolescent CD odds ratio [OR] l 6n08), duration of tobacco use by age 12 (OR l 5n11), poor parental communication in childhood (OR l 2n9), African-American ethnicity (inversely predictive ; OR l 0n15), inattention (OR l 2n3) remained significantly associated with tobacco use in early adolescence. These findings highlight the importance of considering the risks for comorbid substance use separately by individual dimensions of ADHD.

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“…Finalmente, en el estudio reciente de Lee, Burns y Snell (2013) hallan que los comportamientos del uno al ocho (de una escala de 10 comportamientos o items de TCL) muestran una adecuada validez convergente (cargan de forma sustancial en el factor TCL) y la validez discriminante queda demostrada hallando que las cargas más altas del factor TCL están asociadas al factor del TDAH-I. En sínte-sis, si bien la validez estadística del constructo TCL está demostrada, su utilidad clínica y diagnóstica aún no (Barkley, 2012;Garner et al, 2010;Lahey et al, 1988;Mc Burnett et al, 2001; Skirberkk Hansen, Oerbeck y Kristensen, 2011) (Tabla 2). ECRS (Waldman, 1998) (3 items)…”

Section: Fiabilidad Y Validez Del Tempo Cognitivo Lentounclassified

“…Los estudios de los subtipos de TDAH tal y como venían defi nidos en la tercera edición del DSM (APA, 1980) revelaban algunas diferencias en la disfunción de la atención entre los subtipos de TDAH. De forma específi ca, los niños que según el DSM-III presentaban trastorno de défi cit de atención con hiperactividad mostraban síntomas de desatención caracterizados por trabajo descuidado y distractibilidad, mientras que los niños diagnosticados de trastorno de défi cit de atención sin hiperactividad puntuaban más en los items de inatención que describían conductas soñadoras, estados de confusión, hipoactividad y falta de vigilancia (arousal) (Barkley, DuPaul y McMurray, 1990;Hynd et al, 1989;Lahey et al, 1994), este grupo de síntomas se le denominó sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) (Lahey et al, 1988); traducido al español como tempo cognitivo lento (TCL) (Capdevila-Brophy, Artigas-Pallarés y Obiols-Llandrich, 2006). Estudios ecológicos demostraron que los síntomas TCL se asociaban con más fuerza con el subtipo predominantemente inatento (Frick et al, 1994) y se consideró la posibilidad de incluirlos en el DSM-IV.…”

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El tempo cognitivo lento: Revisión de un constructo [Sluggish cognitive tempo: Review of a construct]

Camprodon

Duñó

Batlle

et al. 2014

RPPC

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Resumen: El tempo cognitivo lento (TCL) se ha asociado al trastorno de déficit de atención con hiperactividad subtipo inatento (TDAH-I). Se han encontrado síntomas TCL en grupos clínicos sin TDAH; correlaciones entre TCL y medidas de ansiedad y en otros trastornos psiquiátricos. Los resultados en las diferencias neuropsicológicas entre TCL y subtipos de TDAH son controvertidos. Algunos autores sugieren que altos niveles de TCL y TDAH podrían formar parte de un nuevo trastorno atencional. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión teórica de dicho constructo. Concluimos que queda demostrada la validez estadística del TCL, puede diferenciarse del TDAH y presenta unas características propias. Aunque TCL se asocie al TDAH-I, probablemente sea una entidad independiente a éste actuando como factor modulador de aspectos atencionales que inciden, no sólo en las funciones ejecutivas, sino también en ciertas manifestaciones psicopatológicas presentes sobre todo en la ansiedad o la depresión.Palabras clave: Tempo cognitivo lento (TCL); trastorno de déficit atención hiperactividad (TDAH); funciones ejecutivas; subtipos TDAH. Sluggish cognitive tempo: Review of a constructAbstract: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) has been associated with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder inattention subtype (ADHD-I). SCT symptoms have been found in clinical groups without ADHD, also correlations between SCT and measures of anxiety, and in other psychiatric disorders. The results regarding neuropsychological differences between subtypes of ADHD and SCT are controversial. Some authors suggest that high levels of both SCT and ADHD could be indicative of a new attentional disorder. The aim of this paper is a theoretical review of this construct. We conclude that there is a clear statistical validity of SCT; that it can be distinguished from ADHD and presents its own characteristics. Although SCT shows a strong association with ADHD, it probably is a separate entity that may act as a modulating factor of other attentional features that affect not only executive functions but also certain psychopathological manifestations mostly present in anxiety or depression.

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Dimensions and Types of Attention Deficit Disorder

Cited by 284 publications

References 16 publications

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Which Aspects of ADHD Are Associated with Tobacco Use in Early Adolescence?

El tempo cognitivo lento: Revisión de un constructo [Sluggish cognitive tempo: Review of a construct]

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