Dimensioning of the Vertical Earth Grounding with Rectangular Contour through Minimizing the Investments Costs

Ciorca, Claudiu; Maier, Virgil; Pavel, Sorin G.; Beleiu, Horia G.

doi:10.1109/icepe.2018.8559651

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…As was in the case of the VEGL [15][16][17], we first proceed to the graphical representation of the dependence between the distance a and the length of the electrodes , having the electrode number as a parameter. Thus, we represented the function a( ,n e ), in which the values n e ∈ {2, 3, 4, ..., 12} were considered.…”

Section: The Characteristic Curves A( N E )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The minimum zones, corresponding to the optimum criteria for VEGL, are represented in the (ℓ, a) plane, based on the data from Table 1. Thus, for each criterion, at least three of the minimum values At the end of these considerations relative to the a( ,n e ) curves, with n e as a parameter and for which the name of EG characteristic curves is considered adequate, it is useful to make a comparison with the similar curves from the case of VEGR, presented in [16]. As a general appreciation, the distance between adjacent electrodes is greater in the case of VEGL than in the case of VEGR in order to obtain the same total resistance to earth R P .…”

Section: Minimum Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculation methods from the normative documents have been resumed and exemplified in many specialized manuals [9][10][11][12][13]. It is necessary to specify that the proposed developments, simplifications, and refinements for the updated design of the EG [14][15][16][17] should not be interpreted as a reconsideration of their calculation methodology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summarizing the achievements of the previous research on the application of optimum criteria in the design of EG [14][15][16][17], the following important steps can be mentioned:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cost per length unit of the electrode material is dependent on the diameter d and the thickness g of the pipe wall, as indicated below in the manner adopted in [16]:…”

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confidence: 99%

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Optimal Design of the Vertical Earthing with Electrodes Arranged in Line

et al. 2020

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The design methods of earthing from standards recommend the choice of electrode lengths and propose that the distances between electrodes to be 1-3 times larger than their length. The number of electrodes is determined from the condition of achieving the design earth resistance, while the design ends with the choice of one of the variants. This paper presents the methodology for calculating the earthing system with cylindrical, vertical electrodes arranged in a line. The main variables are the length and the number of earth electrodes, as well as the distance between adjacent ones. Firstly, a set of technologically advantageous values for the earth electrode length is established (e.g., 10 values). For each value of the electrode length and different numbers of electrodes (e.g., 11 values), the distance between adjacent electrodes is determined (e.g., for 110 cases), which leads to the design value resistance. Finally, optimal solutions are identified based on the five optimal applied criteria. The proposed optimal criteria for earthing design are the footprint area, the total earthing volume, the total dispersion surface, the total metal mass, and the investment costs. Comparing the optimal solutions with other technically possible solutions clearly highlights substantial savings concerning space, material, and cost.

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Section: The Characteristic Curves A( N E )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Minimum Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summarizing the achievements of the previous research on the application of optimum criteria in the design of EG [14][15][16][17], the following important steps can be mentioned:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cost per length unit of the electrode material is dependent on the diameter d and the thickness g of the pipe wall, as indicated below in the manner adopted in [16]:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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