Dimensioning of Danger Zones Emerging as a Domino Effect of An Lng Explosion for Industrial Plants Located in the Vicinity of Inland Transport Fairways

Kalbarczyk-Jedynak, Agnieszka; Ślączka, Wojciech

doi:10.2478/ntpe-2018-0009

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Selain itu, LNG akan semakin sering digunakan sebagai bahan bakar transportasi darat, karena jenis bahan bakar ini memungkinkan pengurangan emisi partikel padat dan senyawa belerang dan secara signifikan mengurangi emisi nitrogen oksida dan CO2 [4].…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Analisis Volume LNG Ideal untuk Cooling Down Fasilitas LNG Hub

Nugraha¹,

Harunsyah²,

Munawar³

2023

j.teknologi

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The LNG Receiving Hub facility is an existing facility that has not been used for a long time. In order for this facility can be used again, all equipment and piping systems must first be conditioned to a temperature close to the operational temperature of LNG, which is -160 o C. The purpose of this approach is to determine the theoretical and actual volume of LNG used for the cooling down process of the LNG Hub facility, as well as to compare it with the cooling down process for the regasification facility. An analytical approach is used in this study to determine the ideal amount of LNG needed for cooling down the facility and compare it with the actual amount of LNG that is being used for cooling down the facility. From the results of the analysis, the theoretical LNG volume needed for cooling down the LNG Hub facility is 8,176 m 3 and the actual volume is 7,013.6620 m 3 , while the actual value for cooling down the regasification facility is 11,573.19 m 3 . The actual volume for the LNG Hub facility is smaller compared to regasification which can be caused by the smaller volume of pipelines and the difference in the cooling down mechanism in both facilities.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Analisis Volume LNG Ideal untuk Cooling Down Fasilitas LNG Hub

Nugraha¹,

Harunsyah²,

Munawar³

2023

j.teknologi

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“…These factors also optimize the cooldown process by selecting the appropriate method (in most cases, one of two methods). Cooling may be performed at a terminal or during sea voyage by using remaining cargo (Kalbarczyk-Jedynak and Ślączka, 2018;Piasecki et al, 2017). The article analyzes and describes the LNG tank cooldown relating to a specific tanker: LNG/C Al Thakhira.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may cause a tank wall to breach, leading to a sudden leak from the tank and its fracture. In the case of cylindrical tanks, the rate of substance release is not constant due to the non-uniform structure -hence the radiuses of danger zones get larger (Kalbarczyk-Jedynak and Ślączka, 2018;Piasecki et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Studies of Cargo Tank Cooldown in an LNG Carrier

Piasecki¹,

Bejger²,

Wieczorek³

2021

ERSJ

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Purpose:The paper aims to show and analyze the construction of LNG tanks, systems related to temperature measurement and to describe the operation of the system of cargo tank cooldown, including the design of pressure compensation between tank membranes. Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper presents an experimental study on practical cooling measurements of LNG ship cargo tanks. The measures were aimed at comparing the cooling procedures recommended by the manufacturer with the actual temperature changes occurring during the investigated process. Findings: Based on the own experience of one of the co-authors, the sequence of operations performed after the LNG carrier enters the loading terminal was refined. Procedures and recommendations, important from the point of view of cargo operation and crew safety, were preserved. Practical Implications: An analysis was made on safety procedures and potential problems that could arise during LNG trans-shipment. Tank cooldown takes place by delivering liquid methane to the spray pipelines embedded in the tanks. The authors' survey indicates that by lowering the tank temperature to -130°C (and below), excessive vapours can be avoided during the first critical minutes of loading. In some extraordinary circumstances ('warm' membranes), the number of produced vapours may be so large that shipboard facilities will not be able to carry away them to the terminal, pressure in the tanks will start to increase, and, in extreme cases, the pressure may get so high that emergency release of gas will be necessary. Originality/Value: Each ship has its cooldown tables, used for guidance in this operation. For tanks described in this article, the average value of cargo tanks temperature was used to calculate the time and quantity of liquid methane required for the cooling. The authors compared absolute temperatures recorded during the tank cooldown in the examined ship to temperatures specified in the manufacturer's tables. One should remember that the prerequisite for starting tank cooldown is to create or have a good atmosphere in tank inverting. The analysis presented in this article was performed on an LNG ship in continual operation, so the proper atmosphere was satisfied.

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Assessment of Explosion Safety Status within the Area of an LNG Terminal in a Function of Selected Parameters

et al. 2022

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This paper examines the issues of designing optimization tasks with the objective of ensuring the safety and continuation of transportation processes. Modelling the processes that are a consequence of a breakdown is a crucial issue enabling an increase of safety at selected stages of transport. This paper elaborates on the matter of modelling hazardous situations resulting from an uncontrolled LNG release due to a crash or damage to a ship’s hull. This paper demonstrates subsequent stages of modelling along with theoretical assumptions and finally it presents the results of simulation calculations for various scenarios of LNG releases. The article shows the complexity of modelling at a time when variable atmospheric conditions occur, which hinder the planning of rescue operations in the event of an uncontrolled LNG release into the atmosphere. It needs to be remembered that making decisions in critical situations and developing proper procedures at a time when people’s lives are at risk or in the face of an environmental pollution incident constitutes one of the most significant components of effective management in transport. Two LNG release scenarios are presented in this article: catastrophic rupture and leak, for which danger zone dimensions were calculated. Simulations were conducted with the use of a tool called Phast ver. 8.23 for LNG. Calculations were made in a function of variable weather conditions and for two values of Pasquill coefficients.

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Dimensioning of Danger Zones Emerging as a Domino Effect of An Lng Explosion for Industrial Plants Located in the Vicinity of Inland Transport Fairways

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Analisis Volume LNG Ideal untuk Cooling Down Fasilitas LNG Hub

Analisis Volume LNG Ideal untuk Cooling Down Fasilitas LNG Hub

Experimental Studies of Cargo Tank Cooldown in an LNG Carrier

Assessment of Explosion Safety Status within the Area of an LNG Terminal in a Function of Selected Parameters

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