Dimensionamento E Classificação De Riscos Da Colheita Florestal Em Relevo Declivoso

Abstract

RESUMO ABSTRACTA busca pela redução dos custos de produção leva as empresas florestais à procura de terras economicamente mais acessíveis para implantar suas atividades, como as áreas com declividade acentuada. Os efeitos potenciais da declividade no dimensionamento e no agravamento de riscos na colheita florestal motivaram este estudo, classificando-os para as ações e ocupações envolvidas no corte e na extração florestal. A classificação considerou as diretrizes das Normas Regulamentadoras número 9, 15, 17 e 31. Os ruídos e as temperaturas foram mensurados quantitativamente, enquanto a análise postural foi feita com auxílio do software Ergolândia 5.0, para dois métodos diferentes. Os riscos de acidentes foram determinados por bibliografia especializada com validação em campo. A ocupação motosserrista foi a que ofereceu mais riscos inerentes e maior gravidade. Para os movimentos parciais, os que apresentaram maiores riscos foram: corte da árvore, derrubada e desgalhamento. Conclui-se que a gestão eficiente de riscos é essencial para a sustentabilidade econômico-social das empresas florestais, reiterada pelos agravantes do trabalho em relevo acidentado.Searching for a reduction in production costs has led forest companies to look for economic cheap land to implement their activities, as areas with slope declivity. The potential effects of declivity on the scale and severity of risks in forest harvesting motivated this study, classifying them for the actions and occupations involved in forest cutting and extraction. The classification considered the guidelines of Brazilian regulatory norms numbers 9, 15, 17, and 31. Quantitative noises and temperatures were measured, while postural factors were analyzed through Ergolândia 5.0 software, for two different methods. The accident risks were determined based on specialized bibliography and verified in the field. The chainsaw operator was the one that offered more inherent risks and greatest severity. For the partial movements, those that presented greatest risks were tree cutting, felling, and demolishing. We conclude that efficient risk management is essential for the economic-social sustainability of the forestry companies, reinforced by the aggravating of work in rugged relief. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cabos aéreos, Declividade, Segurança do trabalho.

Semi-mechanized wood harvesting: what are the ergonomic gaps in these workstations?

“…When comparing the values to the standards established by regulations, it is observed that there is no need for corrective or mitigation measures regarding thermal comfort for semi-Contribuciones a Las Ciencias Sociales, São José dos Pinhais, v.17, n.4, p. 01-27, 2024 mechanized cutting and manual extraction activities, like findings by Nascimento and Catai (2017). These results may be due to data collection occurring between the autumn and winter seasons, which significantly affects the average temperature and relative humidity (Dereczynski et al, 2019).…”

Occupational Risk Assessment in Native Rainforest Management (MIARforest)—Parameters Definition and Validation

“…Regarding the use of machines and tools, the MIAR forest states that the severity depends on the type of machine or tool the worker uses when carrying out the activity. The severity levels were defined according to the bibliography on this subject specifically applied to native forest exploitation [4,8,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. In the valuation of this parameter, it was decided that the severity is higher if the activity is carried out with forestry machines such as, for example, a loader, a forest tractor, a tracked tractor or a logging truck.…”

“…The MIAR forest states that severity is higher when work is carried out along a path with irregular terrain with a slope and obstacles to overcome and lower if the activity is carried out along a path on regular terrain with no slope and no obstacles to overcome. The severity levels of the occupational accident according to the characteristics of the path were defined according to specific bibliography on this topic, adapted to native forestry [8,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. In the valuation of this parameter, small bridges, such as a bush or a penguela, were considered obstacles of difficult transposition.…”

Estabelecimento de matriz de avaliação de risco de acidentes na colheita florestal

“…Os trabalhadores podem estar expostos a uma diversidade de possibilidades de acidentes oriundos dos mais variados riscos, tais como: ruído, vibração, calor, postura incômoda, levantamento manual de carga, queda, corte, poeira, gases, vapores, entre outros, originados por máquinas, organização de trabalho, condição do ambiente, ou até mesmo por fonte natural (ALMEIDA; ABRAHÃO; TERESO, 2015;CATAI, 2017;RODRIGUES;MEDEIROS, 2006;FLORIANI NETO;NASCIMENTO;MINETTE et al, 1998MINETTE et al, , 2007RIBEIRO, 2016;SANT'ANNA;MALINOVSKI, 2009;SCHETTINO et al, 2017;SOUZA et al, 2015).…”