Dimensional stability and decay resistance of clay treated, furfurylated, and clay-reinforced furfurylated poplar wood

Zhang, Liangliang; Wang, Wang; Chen, Jinyu; Cao, Jinzhen

doi:10.1515/hf-2021-0110

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Furfurylation is a common modification method in the field of wood science that can improve the properties of fast-growing wood species, reducing hygroscopicity and improving dimensional stability [1][2][3][4][5], decay resistance, subterranean termite resistance, density, and hardness [6][7][8][9]. During the modification process, due to the small molecular weight of furfuryl alcohol (FA), FA permeates the cell wall and undergoes a cross-linking reaction in the presence of acidity [10,11], resulting in the permanent expansion of the cell wall [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leachability of Fast-Growing Wood Impregnated with Low Concentrations of Furfuryl Alcohol

Sun,

Gong,

Yan

et al. 2023

Forests

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Furfurylation can effectively improve the quality of fast-growing wood, but its leachability is unclear. In this study, fast-growing poplar (Populus sp.) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) were impregnated with low concentrations of 5%–20% furfuryl alcohol (FA), and the chemical and microscopic changes during leaching tests were analyzed by UV spectra and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results show that FA impregnation can regulate the weight percentage gain, but its effectiveness in regulating the cell wall bulking coefficient decreased as the impregnation concentration was increased. Impregnation with 15% and 20% FA showed no significant difference in the effect on volume swelling efficiency. The inverse relationship between the concentration of FA and the leaching rate was demonstrated by leaching tests, UV spectra, and CLSM. Notably, the leaching rate of poplar and Chinese fir wood was more than 30% when impregnated with 5% FA. Although the entirety of the furfuryl alcohol was deposited in the cell wall when impregnated with low concentrations of FA, the binding was not stable. The weight percentage gain of furfurylated Chinese fir was greater than that of poplar, but its leaching rate was lower, indicating that the cured furfuryl alcohol resin in poplar was not as stable as that in Chinese fir. Therefore, differences in tree species should be considered in low-concentration FA impregnation, as the improvement effect of concentrations below 10% on the properties of fast-growing wood is weak and the leaching rate of FA is significant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leachability of Fast-Growing Wood Impregnated with Low Concentrations of Furfuryl Alcohol

Sun,

Gong,

Yan

et al. 2023

Forests

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Improving the flame retardancy of furfurylated wood by introducing DOPO

Dong,

Fu,

Yan

et al. 2023

Wood Sci Technol

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Poor dimensional stability, sensitivity to microorganisms, and flammability restrict the application of wood in certain areas where these properties are critical. Although furfurylation can improve the physical and mechanical properties of wood, the heat and smoke release of furfurylated wood during combustion are dramatic and need to be addressed. As a kind of halogen-free phosphorus flame retardant, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and its derivatives exhibit excellent performance in polymer composites. In this study, DOPO was dissolved in furfuryl alcohol (FA) and used to modify wood. The effect of DOPO on the thermal stability, combustion behavior, and physical and mechanical properties of furfurylated wood was investigated. The chemical structure, morphology, and char residue after combustion were also characterized. The studies show that DOPO can react with the FA polymer and is incorporated and homogeneously dispersed in the wood structure. Compared to untreated wood, furfurylated wood has a much higher heat and smoke release during combustion. The addition of DOPO remarkably reduces the heat release of furfurylated wood, and this effect increases as the amount of DOPO increases. When the amount of introduced DOPO of furfurylated wood is 7%, its total heat release is reduced by 37.4% and becomes comparable to the untreated wood. However, DOPO does not suppress smoke production effectively. DOPO improves the thermal stability of furfurylated wood by promoting char formation and inhibiting the diffusion of oxygen and the escape of pyrolysis products. The addition of DOPO has little effect on the physical and mechanical properties of furfurylated wood. The results indicate that the combination of DOPO and furfurylation could be an efficient way to prepare highly stable and fire-resistant wood materials.

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Evaluation of the colour parameters on hygroscopicity and dimensional stability of thermally modified Populus tomentosa Carr.

Zhang,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Industrial Crops and Products

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Dimensional stability and decay resistance of clay treated, furfurylated, and clay-reinforced furfurylated poplar wood

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Leachability of Fast-Growing Wood Impregnated with Low Concentrations of Furfuryl Alcohol

Leachability of Fast-Growing Wood Impregnated with Low Concentrations of Furfuryl Alcohol

Improving the flame retardancy of furfurylated wood by introducing DOPO

Evaluation of the colour parameters on hygroscopicity and dimensional stability of thermally modified Populus tomentosa Carr.

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