Dimensional and Chemical Characterization of Airborne Particles in Schools: Respiratory Effects in Children

Stabile, Luca; Buonanno, Giorgio; Avino, Pasquale; Fuoco, Fernanda Carmen

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2012.12.0339

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The methodology of particle dose calculation has been thoroughly described in previous papers [30,31,32,33,34,35,36], where the particle deposition in the human respiratory system was evaluated using the Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry model (MPPD v2.1, ARA 2009, ARA, Arlington, VA, USA). This model calculates, in the respiratory tract, the deposition and clearance of mono- and poly-disperse aerosols in the range from ultrafine to coarse particles in the respiratory tract [37,38].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrians in Traffic Environments: Ultrafine Particle Respiratory Doses

Manigrasso

Natale

Vitali

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Particulate matter has recently received more attention than other pollutants. PM10 and PM2.5 have been primarily monitored, whereas scientists are focusing their studies on finer granulometric sizes due both to their high number concentration and their high penetration efficiency into the respiratory system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the population exposure to UltraFine Particles (UFP, submicrons in general) in outdoor environments. The particle number doses deposited into the respiratory system have been compared between healthy individuals and persons affected by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Measurements were performed by means of Dust Track and Nanoscan analyzers. Forty minute walking trails through areas with different traffic densities in downtown Rome have been considered. Furthermore, particle respiratory doses have been estimated for persons waiting at a bus stop, near a traffic light, or along a high-traffic road, as currently occurs in a big city. Large differences have been observed between workdays and weekdays: on workdays, UFP number concentrations are much higher due to the strong contribution of vehicular exhausts. COPD-affected individuals receive greater doses than healthy individuals due to their higher respiratory rate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrians in Traffic Environments: Ultrafine Particle Respiratory Doses

Manigrasso

Natale

Vitali

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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“…The possibility to discriminate among different emission sources and between natural and anthropogenic contribution is a key issue for planning efficient air pollution reduction and mitigation strategies, as pointed out by different authors [26][27][28]. Moreover, the knowledge of the chemical composition [29,30] for the different PM size is recognized as increasingly important, in particular with respect to the health effects of the exposed population [31]. All the considerations will be based on data obtained from wind-oriented samplings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM10 and PM2.5 Qualitative Source Apportionment Using Selective Wind Direction Sampling in a Port-Industrial Area in Civitavecchia, Italy

et al. 2020

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The possibility to discriminate between different emission sources and between natural and anthropogenic contributions is a key issue for planning efficient air pollution reduction and mitigation strategies. Moreover, the knowledge of the particulate matter (PM) chemical composition for the different size fractions is recognized as increasingly important, in particular with respect to health effects of exposed population. This study is focused on the characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 main sources located in the Civitavecchia harbor-industrial area (Central Italy), namely a large coal-fired power plant, a natural gas power plant, the harbor area, the vehicular traffic (due to both the local traffic and the highway crossing the area) and small industrial activities. The approach was based on PM10/PM2.5 samples monthly collected for one year and a further relative chemical characterization of organic and inorganic fractions. Wind-select sensors, allowing a selective PM10 and PM2.5 sampling downwind to specific emission sources, were used for the overall sampling. This methodology manages to explain specific emission patterns and to assess the concentration levels of the micro pollutants emitted by local sources and particularly toxic for health. A descriptive statistical analysis of data was performed, also verifying the occurrence of legislative threshold exceedances. Moreover, in order to highlight the contribution of specific sources, the differences in the measured micro pollutants concentrations between wind directions, PM size fractions and sampling sites have been investigated, as well as the seasonal trends of pollutants concentrations. These results allow to highlight that the applied methodology represents a valid support in source apportionment studies.

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“…In Table 1, the parameters of the model Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) [43][44][45] used to evaluate the deposition of particles in the respiratory tract [46,47] during the welding operation described in Figure 4 are reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submicron Particles during Macro- and Micro-Weldings Procedures in Industrial Indoor Environments and Health Implications for Welding Operators

Avino

Manigrasso

Pandolfi³

et al. 2015

Metals

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Abstract:One of the emerging risks in the engineering and electronic industries is the exposure of workers to ultrafine particles during (micro-)welding operations, i.e., processes used for joining two metal parts heated locally, which constitute the base metal, with or without addition of another metal which is the filler metal, melted between the edges to be joined. The process is accompanied by formation of metallic fumes arising from the molten metal as well as by the emission of metal fumes of variable composition depending on the alloys welded and fused. The aim of this paper is to investigate the number, concentration and size distribution of submicron particles produced by (micro-)welding processes. Particle number size distribution is continuously measured during (micro-)welding operations by means of two instruments, i.e., Fast Mobility Particle Sizer and Nanoparticle Surface Area Monitor. The temporal variation of the particle number size distribution across the peaks evidences the strong and fast-evolving contribution of nucleation mode particles: peak values are maintained for less than 10 s. The implication of such contribution on human health is linked to the high deposition efficiency of submicronic particles in the alveolar interstitial region of the human respiratory system, where gas exchange occurs. OPEN ACCESSMetals 2015, 5 1046

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Dimensional and Chemical Characterization of Airborne Particles in Schools: Respiratory Effects in Children

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

Pedestrians in Traffic Environments: Ultrafine Particle Respiratory Doses

Pedestrians in Traffic Environments: Ultrafine Particle Respiratory Doses

PM10 and PM2.5 Qualitative Source Apportionment Using Selective Wind Direction Sampling in a Port-Industrial Area in Civitavecchia, Italy

Submicron Particles during Macro- and Micro-Weldings Procedures in Industrial Indoor Environments and Health Implications for Welding Operators

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