Dim light at night interacts with intermittent hypoxia to alter cognitive and affective responses

Aubrecht, Taryn G.; Weil, Zachary M.; Magalang, Ulysses J.; Nelson, Randy J.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00100.2013

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…With regards to rodents displaying depressive-like behaviors in this study, the open field assay, an assessment of locomotor behavior and anxiety-like responses, revealed the FA + dLAN exposed group spent a greater percentage of exploratory time in the center of the open field compared to other groups. This did not agree with what was predicted, but is consistent with previous work from this laboratory 32 . Further tests of anxiety and depressive-like responses, the elevated plus maze and forced swim test, were employed, but yielded highly variable results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Combined effects of exposure to dim light at night and fine particulate matter on C3H/HeNHsd mice

Hogan

Kovalycsik

Sun

et al. 2015

Behavioural Brain Research

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Air and light pollution contribute to fetal abnormalities, increase prevalence of cancer, metabolic and cardiorespiratory diseases, and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. A component of air pollution, particulate matter, and the phenomenon of dim light at night (dLAN) both result in neuroinflammation, which has been implicated in several CNS disorders. The combinatorial role of these pollutants on health outcomes has not been assessed. Male C3H/HeNHsd mice, with intact melatonin production, were used to model humans exposed to circadian disruption by dLAN and contaminated environmental air. We hypothesized exposure to 2.5μm of particulate matter (PM2.5) and dLAN (5 lux) combines to upregulate neuroinflammatory cytokine expression and alter hippocampal morphology compared to mice exposed to filtered air (FA) and housed under dark nights (LD). We also hypothesized that exposure to PM2.5 and dLAN provokes anxiety-like and depressive-like responses. For four weeks, four groups of mice were simultaneously exposed to ambient concentrated PM2.5 or FA and/or dLAN or LD. Following exposure, mice underwent several behavioral assays and hippocampi were collected for qPCR and morphological analyses. Our results are generally comparable to previous PM2.5 and dLAN reports conducted on mice and implicate PM2.5 and dLAN as potential factors contributing to depression and anxiety. Short-term exposure to PM2.5 and dLAN upregulated neuroinflammatory cytokines and altered CA1 hippocampal structural changes, as well as provoked depressive-like responses (anhedonia). However, combined, PM2.5 and dLAN exposure did not have additive effects, as hypothesized, suggesting a ceiling effect of neuroinflammation may exist in response to multiple pollutants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Combined effects of exposure to dim light at night and fine particulate matter on C3H/HeNHsd mice

Hogan

Kovalycsik

Sun

et al. 2015

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…In laboratory rodents, exposure to ALAN decreased so‐called anxiety‐like behaviors. For example, exposure to ALAN increased the time rodents spent in the open arms of an elevated plus maze (Bedrosian, Fonken, Walton, Haim, & Nelson, ), increased the amount of time spent in a lit chamber compared with a dark chamber in a light–dark box paradigm, and increased the amount of rearing up in an open field paradigm (Aubrecht, Weil, Magalang, & Nelson, ). Anxiety‐like behaviors were also decreased in two rodents with intact melatonin rhythms, Siberian hamsters ( Phodopus sungorus ) and C3H/HeNHsd mice (Bedrosian et al., ; Hogan, Kovalycsik, Sun, Rajagopalan, & Nelson, ).…”

Section: Daily Behavioral Changes In Artificial Night Lightingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a laboratory setting, spatial learning was impaired by exposure to dim levels of ALAN in diurnal Nile grass rats ( Arvicanthis niloticus ) (Fonken et al., ). Nocturnal rodents do not seem to be affected in this way (Aubrecht et al., ; Fonken et al., ). Although few studies directly examine ALAN and cognitive effects, it is well known that circadian dysregulation from sleep disruption or jet lag affect learning and memory (Gibson, Wang, Tjho, Khattar, & Kriegsfeld, ; Karatsoreos, Bhagat, Bloss, Morrison, & McEwen, ).…”

Section: Daily Behavioral Changes In Artificial Night Lightingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial light at night alters behavior in laboratory and wild animals

Russart

Nelson

2018

J Exp Zool Pt A

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Life has evolved to internalize and depend upon the daily and seasonal light cycles to synchronize physiology and behavior with environmental conditions. The nightscape has been vastly changed in response to the use of artificial lighting. Wildlife is now often exposed to direct lighting via streetlights or indirect lighting via sky glow at night. Because many activities rely on daily and seasonal light cues, the effects of artificial light at night could be extensive, but remain largely unknown. Laboratory studies suggest exposure to light at night can alter typical timing of daily locomotor activity and shift the timing of foraging/food intake to the daytime in nocturnal rodents. Additionally, nocturnal rodents decrease anxiety-like behaviors (i.e., spend more time in the open and increase rearing up) in response to even dim light at night. These are all likely maladaptive responses in the wild. Photoperiodic animals rely on seasonal changes in day length as a cue to evoke physiological and behavioral modifications to anticipate favorable and unfavorable conditions for survival and reproduction. Light at night can mask detection of short days, inappropriately signal long days, and thus desynchronize seasonal reproductive activities. We review laboratory and the sparse field studies that address the effects of exposure to artificial light at night to propose that exposure to light at night disrupts circadian and seasonal behavior in wildlife, which potentially decreases individual fitness and modifies ecosystems.

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“…Retention of this pairing is assessed 24 h after initial trial and latency to enter the dark chamber is used to assess retention. During the dark phase on day 14 mice were placed in the passive avoidance chamber (Gemini Avoidance System, San Diego Instruments Inc., San Diego, CA) and assessed as previously described [23]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded dUTPase and chronic restraint induce impaired learning and memory and sickness responses

Aubrecht

Weil

Ariza³

et al. 2014

Physiology & Behavior

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Most adult humans have been infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and carry the latent virus. The EBV genome codes for several proteins that form an early antigen complex important for viral replication; one of these proteins is deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase). The EBV-encoded dUTPase can induce sickness responses in mice. Because stress can increase latent virus reactivation, we hypothesized that chronic restraint would exacerbate sickness behaviors elicited by EBV-encoded dUTPase. Male Swiss-Webster mice were injected daily for 15 days with either saline or EBV-encoded dUTPase. Additionally, half of the mice from each condition were either restrained for three h daily or left undisturbed. Restraint stress impaired learning and memory in the passive avoidance chamber; impaired learning and memory was due to EBV-encoded dUTPase-injected into restrained mice. EBV-encoded dUTPase induced sickness responses and restraint stress interacts with EBV-encoded dUTPase to exacerbate the sickness response. These data support a role for EBV-encoded dUTPase and restraint stress in altering the pathophysiology of EBV independent of viral replication.

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Dim light at night interacts with intermittent hypoxia to alter cognitive and affective responses

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Combined effects of exposure to dim light at night and fine particulate matter on C3H/HeNHsd mice

Combined effects of exposure to dim light at night and fine particulate matter on C3H/HeNHsd mice

Artificial light at night alters behavior in laboratory and wild animals

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded dUTPase and chronic restraint induce impaired learning and memory and sickness responses

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