Diluted bitumen causes deformities and molecular responses indicative of oxidative stress in Japanese medaka embryos

Madison, Barry N.; Hodson, Peter V.; Langlois, Valérie S.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.06.006

Cited by 72 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Notably, cardiac cyp1a is up‐regulated at 1 wk and 4 wk in fish exposed to 66.7 µg/L total PAH in WSF of dilbit, and at 4 wk in the 16.7 µg/L group, supporting the bioactivity of PAHs in the heart itself. In line with these results, rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) embryos exposed to retene (a high molecular weight alkyl PAH) showed extensive transcriptional changes in the heart including up‐regulation of ahr and cyp isoforms , and Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes ) embryos exposed to WSF of dilbit had increased whole‐body cyp1a as well as increased expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and phase 2 biotransformation .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Effects of diluted bitumen exposure on juvenile sockeye salmon: From cells to performance

Alderman

Lin

Farrell

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Diluted bitumen (dilbit; the product of oil sands extraction) is transported through freshwater ecosystems critical to Pacific salmon. This is concerning, because crude oil disrupts cardiac development, morphology, and function in embryonic fish, and cardiac impairment in salmon can have major consequences on migratory success and fitness. The sensitivity of early life-stage salmon to dilbit and its specific cardiotoxic effects are unknown. Sockeye salmon parr were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of dilbit for 1 wk and 4 wk, followed by an examination of molecular, morphological, and organismal endpoints related to cardiotoxicity. We show that parr are sensitive to WSF of dilbit, with total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations of 3.5 µg/L sufficient to induce a liver biomarker of PAH exposure, and total PAH of 16.4 µg/L and 66.7 µg/L inducing PAH biomarkers in the heart. Furthermore, WSF of dilbit induces concentration-dependent cardiac remodeling coincident with performance effects: fish exposed to 66.7 µg/L total PAH have relatively fewer myocytes and more collagen in the compact myocardium and impaired swimming performance at 4 wk, whereas the opposite changes occur in fish exposed to 3.5 µg/L total PAH. The results demonstrate cardiac sensitivity to dilbit exposure that could directly impact sockeye migratory success. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:354-360. © 2016 SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…including up-regulation of ahr and cyp isoforms [27], and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos exposed to WSF of dilbit had increased whole-body cyp1a as well as increased expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and phase 2 biotransformation [28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diluted bitumen exposure on juvenile sockeye salmon: From cells to performance

Alderman

Lin

Farrell

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Adams et al () found no effects on rainbow trout embryos of mineral oil CEWAF prepared with COREXIT 9500 (Nalco) and high energy mixing at a dispersant to oil ratio of 1:20. In contrast, mineral oil CEWAF prepared wit low energy stirring at a ratio of 1:10 was toxic to fathead minnow embryos (Madison et al ), suggesting a species difference in sensitivity to mineral oil or the incomplete mixing of dispersant with oil. Unmixed dispersant in CEWAF may reflect the wide array of reported mixing conditions (Supplemental Data, Table S1) and the high viscosity of some crude and heavy fuel oils.…”

Section: Preparing Waf and Cewaf Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil toxicity test methods must be improved

Hodson

Adams

Brown

2018

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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A review of the literature on oil toxicity tests showed a high diversity of reported test methods that may affect the composition, stability, and toxicity of oil solutions. Concentrations of oil in test solutions are dynamic because hydrocarbons evaporate, partition to test containers, bioaccumulate, biodegrade, and photo-oxidize. As a result, the composition and toxicity of test solutions may vary widely and create significant obstacles to comparing toxicity among studies and to applying existing data to new risk assessments. Some differences in toxicity can be resolved if benchmarks are based on measured concentrations of hydrocarbons in test solutions, highlighting the key role of chemical analyses. However, analyses have often been too infrequent to characterize rapid and profound changes in oil concentrations and composition during tests. The lack of practical methods to discriminate particulate from dissolved oil may also contribute to underestimating toxicity. Overall, current test protocols create uncertainty in toxicity benchmarks, with a high risk of errors in measured toxicity. Standard oil toxicity tests conducted in parallel with tests under site-specific conditions would provide an understanding of how test methods and conditions affect measured oil toxicity. Development of standard test methods could be achieved by collaborations among university, industry, and government scientists to define methods acceptable to all 3 sectors. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:302-311. C

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“…2). These effects range from outright embryonic heart failure and mortality at relative high PAH exposures (Adams et al, 2014a;Adams et al, 2014b;Esbaugh et al, 2016;Incardona et al, 2014;Incardona et al, 2013;Jung et al, 2013;Jung et al, 2015;Madison et al, 2015;Martin et al, 2014;McIntyre et al, 2016a;McIntyre et al, 2016b;Sørhus et al, 2015), to more subtle effects on heart shape and delayed impacts on cardiovascular performance at lower concentrations (Hicken et al, 2011;Incardona et al, 2015). These latter, protracted physiological impacts likely contributed to the delayed mortality and poor population recruitment previously observed both in 1) mark-recapture studies with pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) exposed to crude oil during embryogenesis (Heintz, 2007;Heintz et al, 2000) and 2) the losses of wild pink salmon spawned in shoreline habitats that were oiled in the aftermath of the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster (Rice et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of heart developmental anatomy on cardiotoxicity-based adverse outcome pathways in fish

2016

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Diluted bitumen causes deformities and molecular responses indicative of oxidative stress in Japanese medaka embryos

Cited by 72 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of diluted bitumen exposure on juvenile sockeye salmon: From cells to performance

Effects of diluted bitumen exposure on juvenile sockeye salmon: From cells to performance

Oil toxicity test methods must be improved

The influence of heart developmental anatomy on cardiotoxicity-based adverse outcome pathways in fish

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