Dilute solution properties of partly urethanized polyvinyl alcohol

Sakurada, Ichirô; Nakajima, Akira; Shibatani, Kyoichiro

doi:10.1002/pol.1964.100020814

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Two PVA samples presenting molecular weights of 72,000 (PVA1) and 140,000 (PVA2) were chemically modified by functionalization with carbamate groups and hydrophobic alkyl chains. The incorporation of carbamate groups (urethanes) in the structure of PVA was made by reaction of urea with PVA in the ratio of 1 : 1, using dimethylformamide as solvent 6. The reaction temperature was fixed at 145°C, and the time varied from 30 to 180 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of polymers in the treatment of produced oily waters

Feder

González

Teixeira

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Abstract:In this work, a new flocculant agent was developed based on a non-ionic and water-soluble polymer, poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), in order to treat oily waters from peteroleum production. Changes on its HLB were made to generate hydrophobic zones that work like flocculant agents, based on "hydrophobic bridges mechanism." Incorporation of 12 to 18 carbon atoms and carbamate groups in several concentrations were carried out. Little insertions of hydrophobic groups reduce the brine solubility, due to the inter-and intramolecular interactions; however, certain content of carbamate groups increases the resistance in a brine environment. The influence of molecular weight and the hydrolysis grade of PVA were verified as the flocculation efficiency. Their performance was verified in synthetic oily emulsion by flocculation tests. The flakes generated are different from those generated when using commercial products. High amount of additive decreases the flocculation efficiency.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of polymers in the treatment of produced oily waters

Feder

González

Teixeira

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…(7) Hydrolysis of cyanates [46]. (8) Reaction of polyvinyl alcohol with urea to give polyvinyl carbamates [11,47,48].…”

Section: Miscellaneous Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

O-Carbamates

1971

Organic Chemistry: A Series of Monographs

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“…Moreover, the properties of PVA can be easily tuned through chemical modifications involving these hydroxyl groups. Esterification, acetalization, urethanation, etherification, or click chemistry reactions have been applied successfully to this polymer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetalization of poly(vinyl alcohol) by a fatty aldehyde in water medium: Model study, kinetics, and structure analysis

Piluso

Boisson

Bounor‐Legaré

et al. 2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Acid catalyzed poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) acetalization was investigated in aqueous medium at 80 8C for a PVA concentration of 8 wt %. The reactant, 10-undecenal, was composed of a long alkyl chain with a vinyl end group, and the functionalization reaction was studied in heterogeneous media for low reactant concentrations (from 0.33 to 2.0 mol % compared with PVA hydroxyl groups concentration). First, the reaction was scrutinized with pentane-2,4-diol, as a model compound of PVA. Besides the expected reaction, the oxidation of the aldehyde into 10-undecenoic acid in the presence of water was evidenced. This carboxylic acid appeared unreactive toward esterification of pentane-2,4-diol and PVA in water. Characterization of acetal stereochemical structure formed on the PVA backbone was performed by NMR spectroscopy in accordance to the model approach. A protocol based on 1 H NMR analysis was developed to quantify grafted aldehyde, residual aldehyde, and created carboxylic acid through direct sampling of the reaction medium. Conversions and reaction rate constants were calculated for pH ranging from 1 to 3. Finally, the acetalization yield was found to be enhanced at low pH and, in such conditions, the oxidation reaction contribution was limited.

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Dilute solution properties of partly urethanized polyvinyl alcohol

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

The use of polymers in the treatment of produced oily waters

The use of polymers in the treatment of produced oily waters

O-Carbamates

Acetalization of poly(vinyl alcohol) by a fatty aldehyde in water medium: Model study, kinetics, and structure analysis

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