Dilute gas of ultracold two-level atoms inside a cavity: generalized Dicke model

Abstract

We consider a gas of ultracold two-level atoms confined in a cavity, taking into account for atomic center-of-mass motion and cavity mode variations. We use the generalized Dicke model, and analyze separately the cases of a Gaussian, and a standing wave mode shape. Owing to the interplay between external motional energies of the atoms and internal atomic and field energies, the phase-diagrams exhibit novel features not encountered in the standard Dicke model, such as the existence of first and second order phase transitions between normal and superradiant phases. Due to the quantum description of atomic motion, internal and external atomic degrees of freedom are highly correlated leading to modified normal and superradiant phases.

Bose-Hubbard models coupled to cavity light fields

“…We also highlight connections to coupled cavity arrays described by the Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard model and its variants [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Additional directions in cold atoms include recent work on excitons [37], generalized Dicke models [38], and light propagation in atomic Mott insulators [39,40].…”

Dicke Quantum Spin Glass of Atoms and Photons

“…(13,14). Both of these are related to a i , but computation of the latter requires more specific knowledge of the g i .…”

Multistability in an optomechanical system with a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate

“…When the coupling strengths of the two atomic spin components and the optical field are different, the cavity field will then couple to both the external center-of-mass and the internal spin degrees of freedom of the condensate. Whereas in previous studies of the BEC-cavity system, the cavity field couples either to the center-of-mass [14][15][16][17][20][21][22] or to the spin degrees of freedom [23], but not to both [24]. As we shall demonstrate, the nonlinear coupling among the external and internal states of the condensate and the cavity photons leads to multistability in both light wave and matter wave.…”