Diluent pH affects sperm motility via GSK3 α/β-hexokinase pathway for the efficient enrichment of X-sperm to increase the female kids rate of dairy goats

He, Qifu; Wu, Shenghui; Gao, Feng; Xu, Xuerui; Wang, Shaowen; Xu, Zhiming; Huang, Min; Zhang, Kang; Zhang, Yong; Quan, Fusheng

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.02.012

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…pH affects mitochondrial activity and glucose uptake capacity primarily through phosphorylation of NFκB and GSK3α/β. The viability of X-chromosome spermatozoa is inhibited under acidic conditions and significantly enhanced under alkaline conditions [ 129 ]. The sex ratio of offspring can be influenced by adjusting the pH of the semen diluent in pigs, with female offspring more likely to be obtained from semen stored under acidic conditions for short periods (<1 d) [ 130 , 131 ].…”

Section: Ph and Regulation Of Sperm Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH Homeodynamics and Male Fertility: A Coordinated Regulation of Acid-Based Balance during Sperm Journey to Fertilization

Dai,

Zou,

Cai

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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pH homeostasis is crucial for spermatogenesis, sperm maturation, sperm physiological function, and fertilization in mammals. HCO3− and H+ are the most significant factors involved in regulating pH homeostasis in the male reproductive system. Multiple pH-regulating transporters and ion channels localize in the testis, epididymis, and spermatozoa, such as HCO3− transporters (solute carrier family 4 and solute carrier family 26 transporters), carbonic anhydrases, and H+-transport channels and enzymes (e.g., Na+-H+ exchangers, monocarboxylate transporters, H+-ATPases, and voltage-gated proton channels). Hormone-mediated signals impose an influence on the production of some HCO3− or H+ transporters, such as NBCe1, SLC4A2, MCT4, etc. Additionally, ion channels including sperm-specific cationic channels for Ca2+ (CatSper) and K+ (SLO3) are directly or indirectly regulated by pH, exerting specific actions on spermatozoa. The slightly alkaline testicular pH is conducive to spermatogenesis, whereas the epididymis’s low HCO3− concentration and acidic lumen are favorable for sperm maturation and storage. Spermatozoa pH increases substantially after being fused with seminal fluid to enhance motility. In the female reproductive tract, sperm are subjected to increasing concentrations of HCO3− in the uterine and fallopian tube, causing a rise in the intracellular pH (pHi) of spermatozoa, leading to hyperpolarization of sperm plasma membranes, capacitation, hyperactivation, acrosome reaction, and ultimately fertilization. The physiological regulation initiated by SLC26A3, SLC26A8, NHA1, sNHE, and CFTR localized in sperm is proven for certain to be involved in male fertility. This review intends to present the key factors and characteristics of pHi regulation in the testes, efferent duct, epididymis, seminal fluid, and female reproductive tract, as well as the associated mechanisms during the sperm journey to fertilization, proposing insights into outstanding subjects and future research trends.

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Section: Ph and Regulation Of Sperm Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%